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From the Indus to the Nile - endless strife
Jul 11, 2013

From the Indus to the Nile - endless strife

In the 21st century, ideas and thoughts travel across the globe with considerable speed. And, areas inhabited by those whose ancestors belonged to ancient civilisations like our own are engaged in battles that are ideological and sectarian. Essentially, these are about dominance and reversion to a way of life pitted against those who want the systems changed.

From the Root to the STEM: Can tech solve India’s tech talent problem?
Apr 27, 2023

From the Root to the STEM: Can tech solve India’s tech talent problem?

The tech industry in India has a major gender imbalance. Can AI be leveraged to mitigate this issue?

From theory to practice: Leveraging AR/VR for educational excellence
Jul 01, 2023

From theory to practice: Leveraging AR/VR for educational excellence

India needs to foster the integration of spatial computing into education to capitalise on its transformative benefits

From trade to investments, re-orienting India's ASEAN strategy
Feb 27, 2017

From trade to investments, re-orienting India's ASEAN strategy

It is important for India to analyse its ASEAN strategy more closely, as it has the potential to result in significant benefits.

From Trump to Biden, Continuity and Change in the US’s China Policy
Aug 16, 2023

From Trump to Biden, Continuity and Change in the US’s China Policy

A year and a half since United States (US) President Joe Biden took the helm, both sides of the country’s political divide continue to debate whether the incumbent’s China policy is distinct from that of the Trump administration. The Republicans claim that Biden’s China policy has not veered away from Trump’s; the Democrats, meanwhile, argue that it is different. This brief weighs in on the debate, and finds that despite the Biden

From turmoil to clarity: International relations in the new decade
Jan 04, 2021

From turmoil to clarity: International relations in the new decade

Indian foreign policy will have to respond to the meta-trends by crafting an approach that is more than just the sum of its bilateral and multilateral

From War Zone to China’s Poster Child, to Economic Despair: Angola’s 40-Year Journey
Jan 28, 2021

From War Zone to China’s Poster Child, to Economic Despair: Angola’s 40-Year Journey

Angola is rich in natural wealth, with massive petroleum and diamond deposits across its territory. Most of its people, however, continue to live in poverty. Since its independence in 1975, Angola has had a tumultuous journey: from being a war zone, to becoming a poster child for Chinese engagement in the continent, and since 2015, declining to its current state where the challenges are so massive—negative growth rates, high external debt, risi

From West Asia to Afghanistan: The worrying rise of fractured geopolitics to fight terrorism
Jan 04, 2023

From West Asia to Afghanistan: The worrying rise of fractured geopolitics to fight terrorism

The cracks in the world order provide terrorist outfits ample space to regroup and reorganise

From Xi with love: A New Year greeting to the new POTUS
Jan 13, 2021

From Xi with love: A New Year greeting to the new POTUS

As a new American President prepares to assume office, China has sent him a greeting card with three messages conveying the terms of Beijing’s engag

From ‘Pivot to Asia’ to Trump’s ARIA: What drives the US’ Current Asia policy?
Feb 19, 2020

From ‘Pivot to Asia’ to Trump’s ARIA: What drives the US’ Current Asia policy?

After President Donald Trump’s 2017 visit to Asia, the Indo-Pacific region assumed greater significance in the United States’ foreign policy calculus, as articulated in the ‘Indo-Pacific Strategy Report’ released by the US Department of Defence. On 31 December 2018, Trump passed the Asia Reassurance Initiative Act (ARIA), which authorises US$1.5 billion in spending for a range of US programmes in East Asia and Southeast Asia to “develop

From “phase-up” to “phase-down” of coal
Nov 22, 2021

From “phase-up” to “phase-down” of coal

Instead of pioneering new, green technologies, coal-dependent nations continue to rely on expensive energy technologies of the wealthier world.

From “Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas” to “Main Bhi Chowkidar”: The forgotten macroeconomic flagships
May 10, 2019

From “Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas” to “Main Bhi Chowkidar”: The forgotten macroeconomic flagships

In the transition from “Sabka Saath Sabka Vikas” to economically meaningless but politically loaded “Main Bhi Chowkidar” – the major macro-e

FTA-fetishism to hurt Indian industry in the long run
Nov 16, 2015

FTA-fetishism to hurt Indian industry in the long run

FTAs have helped consumer well-being by increasing consumer choices at affordable prices. However, the problem is that for any government to sign an agreement of this character would necessitate a better feasibility study report that is more holistic in nature.

Fuel Mix in Power Generation in India: Present and Future
Sep 26, 2022

Fuel Mix in Power Generation in India: Present and Future

Renewable energy and nuclear power generation capacity are projected to increase by leaps and bounds in 2032.

Fulfilling the SDG on Zero Hunger: A Progress Report on BIMSTEC Nations
Nov 02, 2020

Fulfilling the SDG on Zero Hunger: A Progress Report on BIMSTEC Nations

The countries of BIMSTEC, or the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation, are working to translate the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into action plans to ensure access to adequate and nutritious food. They are transforming their food systems based on their priorities and capacities to fulfill, in particular, the 2030 SDG Goal 2 that aims to “end hunger, achieve food security, and promote sustainable

Fumio Kishida outperforms election expectations
Nov 02, 2021

Fumio Kishida outperforms election expectations

The Liberal Democratic Party defied expectations and managed to sweep 261 seats with Fumio Kishida at the helm.

Fundamental health services for women: Analysing gender disparities
Oct 09, 2023

Fundamental health services for women: Analysing gender disparities

The disturbing trends seen in women’s mental health call for immediate gender mainstreaming action in mental health policies

Funding Elections: Some Lessons from International Best Practices
Dec 01, 2011

Funding Elections: Some Lessons from International Best Practices

To ensure that the role of "big money" in influencing elections and policies is banished from the Indian polity, state funding, small donations, public subsidies, membership fees along with strict disclosure and reporting requirements must be encouraged and assiduously pursued.

Furthering Indo Pak Ties and the Importance of Track Two Dialogue
Jun 07, 2011

Furthering Indo Pak Ties and the Importance of Track Two Dialogue

There is an increasing realisation amongst the media community in Pakistan that their State had been actively involved in training India-centric terrorist groups within Pakistani borders, said a delegation of Urdu journalists from Pakistan who visited ORF.

Futile to expect India to sign NPT, says former Japanese diplomat
Feb 16, 2010

Futile to expect India to sign NPT, says former Japanese diplomat

Amb. Hiroshi Hirabayashi, former Japan's Ambassador to India and currently President, The Japan-India Association, was in ORF for an interactive session

Future of autonomous air platforms in the Indo-Pacific
Mar 24, 2021

Future of autonomous air platforms in the Indo-Pacific

Within the coming decade, the PLAAF and possibly the People’s Liberation Army Naval Air Force will begin to field several operational UCAV designs w

Future of coal: Financial consequences
Oct 12, 2020

Future of coal: Financial consequences

The coal sector as a whole faces the problem of stranded asset on account of competition from renewable ― and policies changing globally ― away fr

Future of Europe
Sep 30, 2017

Future of Europe

In the current phase of globalisation, where uncertainty and disruption have become the new norm, Europe is no exception.

Future of Natural Gas in India: Paving the Way to Benefit from Upside Risks of LNG Supply
Aug 23, 2023

Future of Natural Gas in India: Paving the Way to Benefit from Upside Risks of LNG Supply

This Issue Brief seeks to provide inputs for further discussion to gain from potential windfall opportunities that might arise for India's natural gas industry as well as lay the requisite foundation for a future plan.

Future of Nuclear Weapons
Dec 29, 2007

Future of Nuclear Weapons

Mr L V Krishnan, a Nuclear Scientist who had worked with the Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India, gave a presentation on the 'Future of Nuclear Weapons', at an Interaction in the ORF Chennai Chapter of the Observer Research Foundation on 29 December 2007.

Future of terrorism and terrorism of the future
Sep 14, 2016

Future of terrorism and terrorism of the future

The means to spread terror may have changed but the modes to deal with it have to evolve for terrorism of the future.

Future of the pandemic in 2021 and beyond — Africa’s economic challenges continue
Dec 29, 2020

Future of the pandemic in 2021 and beyond — Africa’s economic challenges continue

For 2021, governments in Africa will focus on improving their revenue and ending the economic recession, way more than it will focus on managing the p