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Biotechnology is a critical and emerging technology with wide-ranging applications in human medicine, biodefence, nutrition, and the use of bio-based materials. This positions it as a key driver of geopolitical influence and a pillar of global health security, where innovations shape disease surveillance and enable ...
The Bay of Bengal has emerged as a key arena for Sino-Indian competition due to its proximity to vital sea lanes, rich resource potential, and strategic geography. This paper analyses how China and India employ port development initiatives in the Bay littorals—Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and ...
Port cities are playing an increasingly vital role in driving economic growth within the blue economy. This paper examines how these cities, particularly in the Global South, can strike a balance between economic development, social equity, and environmental sustainability. It emphasises the imperative of integrating ...
Disruptive technologies have transformed the ambit of contemporary warfare in radically unexpected ways. While much of the scholarship has focused on the technological aspect of warfare, there is an equally urgent need to introspect on how to train the ‘human element’ to be able to ...
Semiconductors are increasingly becoming the fulcrum of national and economic security. They undergird economies that are growing to be more dependent on digital technologies and aided by advancements in artificial intelligence. As the world works to secure semiconductor supply chains with a firm national push, ...
As India’s power is rising, the country is becoming more self-aware, with more willingness to explicitly reclaim and “own” the civilisational roots of its strategic thought. From international quarters too, interest in understanding India’s grand strategy is growing. Especially in the context of a deepening ...
Russia now controls about 20 percent of Ukraine’s territory (as of April 2025) following its invasion of the country in February 2022, having made major advances since mid-2023 after being initially pushed back by Ukrainian forces. This paper analyses Russia’s wartime adaptations—at the tactical, operational, ...
In the last decade, South Korea's defence exports have become one of the successful case studies of the country’s export basket. However, given the changing nature of modern warfare, a shift focusing on the adoption of New Generation Technologies (NGT), such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), ...
As the global balance of power shifts, deeper engagement with the Global South has become a strategic necessity for the European Union (EU). However, the EU’s engagement with the Global South is undermined by a convergence of challenges that cumulatively erode its credibility and offer ...
Amid rising oil imports, persistent urban air pollution, and mounting emissions, India’s shift to electric vehicles (EVs) is no longer optional; it is essential. This paper explores India’s evolving EVs landscape through the lens of its climate and energy security goals, with a focus on ...
Soumya Bhowmick is a Fellow and Lead, World Economies and Sustainability at the Centre for New Economic Diplomacy (CNED) at Observer Research Foundation (ORF). He is pursuing his PhD and holds a double master’s degree in economics from Jadavpur University, ...
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Sreeparna Banerjee is an Associate Fellow in the Strategic Studies Programme. Her work focuses on the geopolitical and strategic affairs concerning two Southeast Asian countries, namely Myanmar and Thailand. Her primary focus is on the Rohingya issue within the Bay of ...
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