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Climate finance: Myth vs reality
Nov 22, 2018

Climate finance: Myth vs reality

In 2015, the Paris Agreement of UNFCCC emphasised the role of climate finance in strengthening the global response to climate change. Since then, developed countries have made various claims about climate finance flows. Some of the myths surrounding climate finance need to be demolished.

Climate narratives: Reading between the lines
Apr 29, 2022

Climate narratives: Reading between the lines

Developing countries are lagging behind in implementing decarbonisation policies as appropriate climate finance and green technology aren’t being ex

Climate Smart Agriculture: स्थिरता और खाद्य सुरक्षा के लिए क्लाइमेट स्मार्ट कृषि
Dec 28, 2022

Climate Smart Agriculture: स्थिरता और खाद्य सुरक्षा के लिए क्लाइमेट स्मार्ट कृषि

बढ़ती मांग और खाद्य असुरक्षा की चुनौतियों का सामना करने �

Climate treaty: Time for Asia to adopt a new approach
Feb 01, 2013

Climate treaty: Time for Asia to adopt a new approach

The time has come for rapidly growing Asia to distinguish between the global, regional and national aspects of climate policy, recognise the linkages and shape the deliberations for the new climate regime by taking substantive measures at home.

Climate twins: Weathering climate actions with fiscal stability
Jun 05, 2023

Climate twins: Weathering climate actions with fiscal stability

The complex risks associated with climate change pose a threat to the global economy. Thus, it is crucial for regulators to proactively manage these r

Clinton's Southern India Sojourn
Jul 23, 2011

Clinton's Southern India Sojourn

Clinton's visit to southern India clearly underscores the increasing clout the region has, both economically and politically. No longer is there a sense that foreign policy is framed exclusively through a north Indian way of thinking. And Clinton discussed Sri Lanka with the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu.

Closing the Gulf
Feb 14, 2012

Closing the Gulf

There is a periodic urge in the West to fix Iran. Syria and Iran had been listed on the State Sponsors of Terrorism list for decades even before September 11, 2001. In 2002, George Bush described Iran as a member of the 'Axis of Evil'. Despite all this, there were talks of negotiations.

CM, work for AAPnomics
Jan 24, 2014

CM, work for AAPnomics

Delhi CM Arvind Kejriwal should take a leaf from the Republic Day chief guest, Japanese PM Shinzo Abe, and profer the much-awaited #AAPnomics of job creation, a strategy on wealth distribution, and, a vision on efficiency. His genius will lie in these making sense to the poorest and the weakest - without forgetting global investors and our diaspora.

CMC appointments in China: 20वें केंद्रीय सैन्य आयोग की नियुक्तियों से मिलता संदेश?
Jul 26, 2023

CMC appointments in China: 20वें केंद्रीय सैन्य आयोग की नियुक्तियों से मिलता संदेश?

नव नियुक्त सीएमसी नेतृत्व की लाइन-अप इस ओर इशारा करती है क

Co-operative Federalism and Management of Diversity
Nov 02, 2004

Co-operative Federalism and Management of Diversity

As the world comes closer in the wake of information explosion and gobalisation, the idea of ¿Cooperative Federalism¿, which is seen as a tool to resolve conflicts, is gaining increasing relevance and acceptance. Inspired by this development, a two-day International Conference on ¿Co-operative Federalism and Management of Diversity¿, has been organized from November 2-3, 2004, under the auspices of Observer research Foundation (ORF) , New Del

Coal and correction
Jun 03, 2014

Coal and correction

Governance of the energy sector in general and the coal sector in particular has to radically change if India wants to take advantage of its vast coal resources. It must be understood that coal is the only fuel that India has in abundance and it must be exploited to the fullest.

Coal Beneficiation Policies: Sticks but no carrots
Jul 15, 2022

Coal Beneficiation Policies: Sticks but no carrots

With the increase in demand for coal, the only viable option left for the government is to go against its policy of self-reliance with coal beneficiat

Coal Mining - Challenges and strategies for bridging demand gap
Dec 27, 2012

Coal Mining - Challenges and strategies for bridging demand gap

Coal companies can achieve a great deal if they strategise action plans to improve mine productivity, capital equipment utilisation, mine recovery ratio etc., to international standards. There is also urgent need for introducing more advanced technologies and modern management systems.

Coal Shortage in India: Beyond Supply and Demand
May 01, 2022

Coal Shortage in India: Beyond Supply and Demand

India is facing a sudden shortage in power generation in power plants amidst the scorching summer heat.

Code of Conduct on Space: India Should Lead the Way
May 26, 2011

Code of Conduct on Space: India Should Lead the Way

As the two codes of conduct on space - European Union's (EU) Code of Conduct (COC) on Space and the Stimson Code - are gaining momentum in the international arena, Observer Research Foundation (ORF) organised a roundtable on Thursday, May 26, 2011 to discuss India's concerns with these codes.

Col. Gaddafi's terror and India's UN vote
Apr 06, 2011

Col. Gaddafi's terror and India's UN vote

With Gaddafi around, there will be no peace in the Arab region. Africa will also be badly affected. That is why Gaddafi's Foreign and Interior Ministers and several Libyan Ambassadors deserted him. What high moral dictate or compelling necessity led to India's neutral stance in the vote on Security Council Resolution 1973?

Cold War 2.0
Sep 29, 2017

Cold War 2.0

The shared history and its repercussions — which raises doubts regarding a Cold War-like confrontation — limits possibility of such recurrence.

Cold War 2.0: The US-DragonBear standoff in a bifurcated global system
Feb 21, 2024

Cold War 2.0: The US-DragonBear standoff in a bifurcated global system

As the world navigates through Cold War 2.0, the interplay between the US and the DragonBear alliance will underpin much of the global and regional te

Cold war in Middle East
Aug 13, 2012

Cold war in Middle East

The challenge for India is much larger than voting choices on the international resolutions on Syria. It is about finding effective ways to cope with the expanding Saudi-Iran rivalry, which is not limited to Syria.

Collapsing Muslim Dictatorships
Jan 29, 2011

Collapsing Muslim Dictatorships

Riyadh, Jerusalem, Washington, in that order of anxiety, must be in a huddle on the change in Tunisia and chill winds blowing across Egypt, Yemen and Jordan. The State Department has issued a warning that must send shock waves throughout the Arabian peninsula "status quo in the Middle East and North Africa is not sustainable".

Collateral damage, sovereignty, and differentiated resentment
Nov 21, 2014

Collateral damage, sovereignty, and differentiated resentment

Civil wars are drawn-out conflicts, often lasting up to a decade or even longer before a political settlement is reached. Pakistan's military campaign against Pashtun militants, variously allied to the Afghan Taliban, the al-Qaeda, and often fighting for localised interests has stretched into its 12th year.

Collective Action to Counter Terrorism' II
Jul 07, 2004

Collective Action to Counter Terrorism' II

Even before 9/11, many commissions had been appointed by different Governments to study the threat posed by terrorism and many seminars, conferences and workshops organised by different think-tanks on the subject. In the US alone, there were three high-powered commissions on the threat posed by terrorism. All this could not prevent 9/11.

Collective regional action needed for environmental security in south Asia
Mar 22, 2013

Collective regional action needed for environmental security in south Asia

A two-day deliberations by 20 experts from India, China and U.K, have underlined the need for a collective regional action to ensure environmental security in South Asia. The meeting was organised by Observer Research Foundation in collaboration with Royal United Services Institute, London and Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing.

Collision risks in outer space due to mega-constellations
Oct 18, 2021

Collision risks in outer space due to mega-constellations

The sporadic and uncontrolled launch of thousands of new mega-constellations put outer space security and safety at risk.

Colombia's Agenda for 'Democratic Prosperity'
Dec 02, 2011

Colombia's Agenda for 'Democratic Prosperity'

Address by Colombian Deputy Foreign Minister, at the Observer Research Foundation, New Delhi, on November 3, 2011 on Colombia's Agenda for Domestic Prosperity.

Colombo correction
Apr 01, 2014

Colombo correction

The UPA's policy failures on Bangladesh and Sri Lanka have generated much bemoaning in Delhi's national security establishment about the breakdown of the rules of the republic that made the conduct of foreign policy the sole responsibility of the Centre. A closer look reveals that it is not the states that are exercising a veto over foreign policy decisions.

Colombo Port dilemma: Why India-Sri Lanka ties seem to be at sea
Feb 05, 2021

Colombo Port dilemma: Why India-Sri Lanka ties seem to be at sea

While bilateral political issues seem to have been kept under control through the post-war decade in Sri Lanka; at another level, it is a livelihood i

Colours for Indian Naval Aviation, but the cracks are showing
Sep 02, 2021

Colours for Indian Naval Aviation, but the cracks are showing

As India’s Naval Aviation enters its 68th year, a review of its strengths and weaknesses.

Comfort women issue: Why can't Japan, South Korea reconcile?
Apr 10, 2015

Comfort women issue: Why can't Japan, South Korea reconcile?

The year 2015 marks an important date in international history - the 70th anniversary of the end of World War II. It is also the 50th anniversary of normalisation of relations between South Korea and Japan. And, it is a chance that both Japan and South Korea should grab with an aim to re-normalise their relations.

Coming Pak general elections legitimise terror groups
Jul 03, 2018

Coming Pak general elections legitimise terror groups

Despite all its controls, the army still does not trust mainstream politicians.

Commercial space mining: Economic and legal implications
Sep 24, 2017

Commercial space mining: Economic and legal implications

The United States and Luxembourg have adopted domestic space laws granting certain legal rights to space mining companies. These moves have initiated a debate on the future of this industry, as well as the passing of relevant laws governing outer space and its resources. This paper makes an assessment of commercial space mining activities in the broader context of the emerging space economy. It finds that entrepreneurs are increasingly looking at

Commissions, Omissions in Obama's Speech
May 21, 2011

Commissions, Omissions in Obama's Speech

It is commonly recognised in Jerusalem, and elsewhere that the Likud PM, Mr. Benjamin Netaniyahu, nurses an adversarial chemistry with the US President. He went ahead with Jewish settlements in a most insulting reception to US Vice President, Joe Biden.

Common responses to maritime security threats in the Bay of Bengal
Nov 14, 2017

Common responses to maritime security threats in the Bay of Bengal

The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) appears to be gaining momentum in formulating collective strategies to combat non-traditional security threats in the subregion. This brief describes how BIMSTEC had focused on bilateralism or trilateralism from its inception in 1997 until 2015, thereby failing to pursue a more comprehensive and long-term approach to addressing the common threats to their

Communications blackout in Kashmir: A quick fix that can backfire
Aug 14, 2019

Communications blackout in Kashmir: A quick fix that can backfire

India has always lacked the counter-narrative to Pakistan’s misinformation campaigns, but will the current communications clampdown make it lose the

Communist Party of China (CPC) declares victory over COVID
Feb 22, 2023

Communist Party of China (CPC) declares victory over COVID

China claims to have beaten COVID amidst global scepticism over the data released by it

Community Driven Development in Developing Countries
Aug 11, 2023

Community Driven Development in Developing Countries

This paper highlights the increasing importance of Community Driven Development (CDD) in the delivery of public services to the poorest sections and enhancing access, voice and accountability in developing countries. Community participation in the delivery of ‘public services’ to the poorest sections of the population in developing countries has often been regarded as an effective mechanism to enhance access, voice and accountability.

Community-based approaches to tackle open defecation in rural India: Theory, evidence and policies
Dec 03, 2018

Community-based approaches to tackle open defecation in rural India: Theory, evidence and policies

Open defecation (OD), an age-old practice in India, impacts the health of individuals as well as their communities. To tackle the problem, the Government of India launched the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) in 2014, aimed at making the country open-defecation free (ODF) by October 2019 by giving more attention to community-based approaches. However, while such approaches have helped solve the sanitation riddle in many countries, curbing OD in India

Competition with China not antagonism: S M Krishna
Jul 01, 2010

Competition with China not antagonism: S M Krishna

The foreign minister said the boundary issue between the two countries has not prevented mutually beneficial and functional cooperation in a number of areas

Completely overhaul civil aviation sector: Experts
Dec 23, 2008

Completely overhaul civil aviation sector: Experts

Senior Supreme Court lawyer and ORF trustee Lalit Bhasin moots a comprehensive law to replace the obsolete Aircraft Act of 1934

Comprehensive approach needed on fishing front
Oct 24, 2011

Comprehensive approach needed on fishing front

The Centre could start well with the creation of an independent 'fisheries ministry'. In the emerging situation, such a ministry may have to comprehensively address all issues of maritime concerns and interests.

Concealed scars beyond the frontlines: Women’s health in conflict zones
Nov 26, 2023

Concealed scars beyond the frontlines: Women’s health in conflict zones

Given the predicaments women are put through in conflict zones, the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women is a compelling re

Conceptualising an inclusive future of work in India
Aug 27, 2018

Conceptualising an inclusive future of work in India

The rise of modern technologies may drastically alter the employment landscape in India, potentially displacing large portions of the workforce. India requires an inclusive future of work that retains those currently in work while also creating sufficient new opportunities for the growing labour force. This paper reviews extant literature on technological change, automation, and their impact on the future of work in India and, by extension, educa