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Understanding India’s silence on the political crisis in Pakistan
Jun 16, 2023

Understanding India’s silence on the political crisis in Pakistan

Despite being the immediate neighbour, India has chosen to follow a no-reaction policy towards the ongoing turmoil in Pakistan

Understanding ISIS: From conception to operations
Aug 24, 2017

Understanding ISIS: From conception to operations

This paper bridges the gap in Indian public discourse on the aims of ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria or Islamic State) and where it stands today as the most formidable terrorist organisation of the 21st century. It explores ISIS from the perspective of the Middle East, rather than coming from an Indian foreign policy and security point of view, of which there is no dearth in literature. Such an approach is crucial in understanding the terr

Understanding Sino-Indian border issues: An analysis of incidents reported in the Indian media
Feb 12, 2018

Understanding Sino-Indian border issues: An analysis of incidents reported in the Indian media

Reports of incursions by the Chinese People’s Liberation Army along the Line-of-Actual Control (LAC) are rife in the Indian media. A commonly held opinion is that the Indian media tend to sensationalise their reportage of these incursions, or “China’s transgressions”, as the Indian government calls them. This paper analyses these incidents, as reported in select Indian newspapers, over a period of 12 years. It outlines the nature of these

Understanding the fall in Opium production in Afghanistan
Jul 05, 2023

Understanding the fall in Opium production in Afghanistan

The far-reaching implications of the policy changes brought by the Taliban and their unprecedented impact on the region warrant global attention

Understanding the Gender Dimensions of Energy Poverty
Jun 08, 2021

Understanding the Gender Dimensions of Energy Poverty

Among the estimated 1.3 billion people across the world who have no access to electricity, 70 percent are women. This brief discusses the impact of energy poverty on India’s rural women. As women are primarily responsible for securing food and energy for their family, they are the ones who are worst affected by the lack of access to clean and modern energy. The brief calls for a more holistic approach in research and policymaking on energ

Understanding the resolutions on Kashmir in the US Congress
Dec 18, 2019

Understanding the resolutions on Kashmir in the US Congress

The two House Resolutions on Kashmir reflect moderate to extreme conceptions on the role of values in US foreign policy, but both emphasise the centra

United States and the world
Jan 25, 2005

United States and the world

Continuity rather than change may well be the mark of the second Bush administration's foreign policy.It was billed as `the liberty speech.' George W. Bush, beginning his second term as President, said: ""It is the policy of the United States to seek and support the growth of democratic movements and institutions in every nation and culture, with the ultimate goal of ending tyranny in our world.""

Unjust economic system, mal-governance behind Dhaka Rana Plaza disaster
Mar 18, 2014

Unjust economic system, mal-governance behind Dhaka Rana Plaza disaster

The Rana Plaza disaster in Bangladesh, which had killed 1133 workers and injured more than 1800, was symbolic of a much deeper crisis, not limited to Bangladesh, according to Prof. Rehman Sobhan, chairman of the Centre of Policy Dialogue, Dhaka.

Unlocking capital for climate response in the emerging world
Apr 23, 2021

Unlocking capital for climate response in the emerging world

The policy decision to decarbonise capital flows are important in driving the necessary shift towards a more sustainable and resilient global order, b

Unlocking Sustainable Finance to Promote Green Transition: India’s Priorities for its G20 Presidency in 2023
Aug 04, 2022

Unlocking Sustainable Finance to Promote Green Transition: India’s Priorities for its G20 Presidency in 2023

Sustainable finance emerged as a key issue to tackle climate change at the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference and is spurring a global transition to net zero. A peculiar feature of the race to net zero is that it cannot be achieved unless all countries can meet their targets, and any positive step towards it will benefit all countries. The drive to achieve carbon neutrality and net-zero emissions needs to be targeted through a range of

Unpacking the EU’s migration deal
Jul 04, 2023

Unpacking the EU’s migration deal

After seven years of negotiations, the new pact has taken a decisive step towards a modernisation of the EU’s rulebook for asylum and migration

Uptick in India’s headline inflation: A transitory phase
Jul 18, 2021

Uptick in India’s headline inflation: A transitory phase

While economic growth remains the main focus, elevated inflation may ask for some attention.

Urban densities and the Covid-19 pandemic: Upending the sustainability myth of global megacities
May 04, 2020

Urban densities and the Covid-19 pandemic: Upending the sustainability myth of global megacities

High-density urban agglomerations may be sustainable in terms of the economies of scale their populations provide. Yet, as proven by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, these same urban spaces are nearly defenceless in times of unprecedented disease outbreaks. A pandemic poses many risks to the millions who live in dense megacities, whether in wealthy countries or developing ones. The sheer density of the population of these cities provides an ideal e

Urban Rental Housing in India: Towards ‘Housing For All’
Dec 08, 2020

Urban Rental Housing in India: Towards ‘Housing For All’

Indian cities have long struggled with the challenge of inadequate housing amidst rapid urbanisation and worsening urban poverty. Government policies have failed to fill the gap, focused as they are on ownership housing alone and neglecting rental housing. The 2015 draft National Urban Rental Housing Policy and 2019 draft Model Tenancy Act aim to rectify this situation. For these policies to be successful, however—and for India to realise its g

Urbanisation in China: Challenges and the Way Ahead
Aug 23, 2023

Urbanisation in China: Challenges and the Way Ahead

Urbanisation in China is taking place at an unprecedented level and is set to continue over the next decade. This is likely to present many challenges not just for policy makers but for the economy and society as well. This Paper tries and understands the ongoing process of urbanization, the impacts produced and the way that lies ahead.

Uri as inflection point
Oct 03, 2016

Uri as inflection point

India's oscillating foreign policy from 'Jhappi' to 'Katti' under the pump in the aftermath of Uri

US Ambassador releases America in the Asian Century
Aug 13, 2013

US Ambassador releases America in the Asian Century

The Ambassador of the United States to India, Ms Nancy J Powell, on Tuesday released ORF's new publication, America in the Asian Century. The book consists of papers by ORF scholars on US's policy and relations with all important Asian countries.

US and China: Decoupling in the era of COVID19
Jun 09, 2020

US and China: Decoupling in the era of COVID19

Questions about the utility of globalisation are not new. Could the COVID-19 outbreak be the final nail on the coffin for an idea that drove the world economy in the past three decades?  In theory, countries would produce what they specialised in, leaving it to the market to ensure everyone got a better price for it. As 2020 began, the pandemic spread from one province of China and soon disrupted production across the world. Countries banned the

US Congress hearing on Kashmir: India falls prey to American political polarisation
Oct 25, 2019

US Congress hearing on Kashmir: India falls prey to American political polarisation

As bipartisanship on US foreign policy fractures, New Delhi risks becoming a partisan sticking point.

US elections and the "Russian threat"
Aug 11, 2016

US elections and the "Russian threat"

The “Russian threat” seems to have emerged as one of the principal foreign policy issues in the US elections, though this is not the first time th

US Engagement in the Indo-Pacific: An Assessment of the Trump Era
Oct 28, 2020

US Engagement in the Indo-Pacific: An Assessment of the Trump Era

There is no dearth in analyses that sound the alarm on the current United States (US) administration’s policy in the Indo-Pacific. This paper conducts an evaluation of the US’ engagement in the region, and finds it to be contrary to alarmist predictions. President Donald Trump’s administration has reaffirmed commitments towards traditional allies, built on the predecessor president’s courtship of nascent partners, and encouraged partners

US Midterm Elections 2022: ‘अमेरिका में मध्यावधि चुनावी नतीज़ों के निहितार्थ’
Jul 27, 2023

US Midterm Elections 2022: ‘अमेरिका में मध्यावधि चुनावी नतीज़ों के निहितार्थ’

अमेरिका में मध्यावधि चुनाव के नतीज़ों के बाद लगता है कि ड�

US on Arunachal
Dec 21, 2012

US on Arunachal

The real challenge for US policy comes in East Asia, where China's growing power is testing American alliances. America's allies that feel bullied by China have no option but to rely on US power.

US Secondary Sanctions and Petroleum Imports: Safeguarding India’s Energy Security
Apr 06, 2022

US Secondary Sanctions and Petroleum Imports: Safeguarding India’s Energy Security

The drastic and sudden drop in Venezuelan and Iranian oil exports to India in 2019-2020, due to the looming threat of US secondary sanctions, is the latest supply chain disruption to India’s energy security. To avoid similar disruptions in the future, India must act decisively to increase its Strategic Petroleum Reserves to meet at least 90 days of emergency oil stocks, and combine lobbying efforts between India’s private and public oil compa

US unlikely to succeed in Afghanistan, India should brace up for the consequences
Dec 29, 2009

US unlikely to succeed in Afghanistan, India should brace up for the consequences

US President Barak Obama's latest "surge" in Af-Pak policy is unlikely to succeed largely because of huge challenges imposed by geography and the seemingly intractable ethnic divisions in Afghanistan makes success

US, India policies can work towards upping regional trade and growth: US envoy
Sep 03, 2015

US, India policies can work towards upping regional trade and growth: US envoy

At a conference on 'Building Pan Asian Connectivity' in Kolkata, US Ambassador to India Richard Verma has said the Asia policy of the United States and India's Act East policy can work in complementary ways to increase regional trade and growth.

US-China ties in deep freeze
Mar 29, 2023

US-China ties in deep freeze

Xi has highlighted ‘severe challenges’ arising out of America’s containment policy

US-India digital statecraft can counter China’s strategic ambitions
Jul 08, 2020

US-India digital statecraft can counter China’s strategic ambitions

It is vital that Washington does not miss its moment to cement ties with Delhi nor squander a golden opportunity to amplify pressure on Beijing.

US-Iran conflict won’t leave India unscathed
Jan 07, 2020

US-Iran conflict won’t leave India unscathed

India has significant interests in the Persian Gulf region, but it appears to have dealt itself out of the game by tamely skewing its Middle East policy in favour of the informal US-Saudi Arabia-Israel coalition. Iran was given short shrift as New Delhi went along with Trump’s ‘maximum pressure’ policy on Iran. New Delhi’s motives may have been practical.

US–Pakistan relations in the Trump era: Resetting the terms of engagement in Afghanistan
Dec 24, 2017

US–Pakistan relations in the Trump era: Resetting the terms of engagement in Afghanistan

In a groundbreaking speech in August this year, US President Donald Trump laid out his government’s policy for South Asia, authorising more American troops to Afghanistan and insisting that Pakistan must either “do more” to restrain Islamist militants, or face consequences. Indian and Afghan governments have welcomed the new US policy approach. The major components of Trump’s Afghanistan strategy — recognising Pakistan’s role in provi

Vaccine Diplomacy: In 2021, the UAE will become the new vaccine hub of the Middle East
Dec 29, 2020

Vaccine Diplomacy: In 2021, the UAE will become the new vaccine hub of the Middle East

This “niche diplomacy” is expected to be one of the key guiding principles of Emirati foreign policy in 2021.

Valuing water for a smart and sustainable city: Lessons from Kolkata
Aug 21, 2023

Valuing water for a smart and sustainable city: Lessons from Kolkata

The issue of valuing water is contentious because of its physical, political and economic dimensions. Yet, it is an important debate, as valuation is key in estimating the benefits and costs of different management options. An effective valuation supports better informed decision-making in the allocation and use of the resource, as well as in the implementation of SDG6, i.e. to “ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanita

Vietnam and India-US Cooperation
Jun 15, 2015

Vietnam and India-US Cooperation

The India-U.S. Joint Vision and the mention of the South China Sea is India's strategic response to the growing Chinese naval profile in the Indian Ocean Region. In this context, US outreach to Vietnam and India's Act East policy are symbolic of India-U.S. cooperation in the Indo-Pacific.

Vietnam ropes in stakeholders to  counter China territorial dispute
Jan 24, 2014

Vietnam ropes in stakeholders to counter China territorial dispute

Hanoi's decision in granting oil blocks to New Delhi could make China uneasy as Chinese foreign policy, especially towards the South China Sea and the East China Sea, has undergone a major shift in the last few years.

Von der Leyen walks the election tightrope
Mar 28, 2024

Von der Leyen walks the election tightrope

Although Von der Leyen has proved her mettle over the years, only time will tell if she would be able to maintain her legacy in other critical areas s

Wading out to Sea: The Evolution of India and Indonesia’s Naval Mindset towards Multilateralism
Jun 25, 2012

Wading out to Sea: The Evolution of India and Indonesia’s Naval Mindset towards Multilateralism

This Paper examines the evolution of India and Indonesia's military strategic mindset, from inward-looking powers to budding naval powers. It asserts that the two countries will have "no choice but to cast aside the antiquated aspects of non-alignment and move toward a more pragmatic approach to foreign policy, based on multilateralism."

Walk the talk: Prioritise SDG 5 to advance Agenda 2030
Mar 07, 2024

Walk the talk: Prioritise SDG 5 to advance Agenda 2030

The connections between SDG 5 and other goals underscore the imperative of attaining gender equality as both a moral obligation and a strategic invest

Walking the talk and talking tough: Biden’s East Asia outreach and the US-China dialogue
Mar 22, 2021

Walking the talk and talking tough: Biden’s East Asia outreach and the US-China dialogue

Ahead of Biden officials’ first meeting with Chinese envoys in Alaska, high-level visits to Japan and South Korea underscored the US’ representati

Water supply in Delhi: Five key issues
Jun 08, 2020

Water supply in Delhi: Five key issues

Massive populations in many parts of the world, including in India, continue to grapple with lack of access to clean and safe water. This paper studies the case of Delhi. It describes the conditions under which water is produced and supplied to domestic consumers in Delhi and explains the capacity of the water and sewerage agency to discharge its duties. The analysis finds challenges in five aspects related to water supply in Delhi: quantity; qua

Water wars over paradigms
May 14, 2020

Water wars over paradigms

The ongoing “water wars” is presently a war over two paradigms — namely the colonial engineering paradigm that is visibly reductionist, and the

Way more than hedging: Lula's Brazil is gambling high
May 15, 2023

Way more than hedging: Lula's Brazil is gambling high

Lula’s foreign policy approach goes beyond “hedging” and is aimed at ensuring that Brazil climbs the global status ladder

Way out of the past
Mar 01, 2013

Way out of the past

The Finance Minister can at best provide an enabling environment through the Union Budget and other policy frameworks that lie in his domain. The political and bureaucratic class need to pull in the same direction over the next few years to reverse some of the structural weaknesses.

We are all Sinologists now
Jun 10, 2020

We are all Sinologists now

Effective public policy needs sound public debates. If New Delhi is to have a serious China strategy, it must be predicated upon how best India can al

We must not over-interpret China's grand moves of diplomacy on the world stage
Nov 28, 2023

We must not over-interpret China's grand moves of diplomacy on the world stage

Beijing is not doing as well as it would like us to think. Its economic challenges and isolation have meant it is keener than its put-off partners to achieve some normalcy in ties with other countries.

Weakening NHM Mission Steering Group is a mistake India can ill-afford
Mar 17, 2018

Weakening NHM Mission Steering Group is a mistake India can ill-afford

In this era of exciting developments in the health sector, where NHM is going to be the mainstay of the Ayushman Bharat through the NHPS initiative wh

Weighing the benefits of recalibrating India’s nuclear doctrine
Nov 14, 2016

Weighing the benefits of recalibrating India’s nuclear doctrine

Parrikar's statement on the changing the nuclear policy and re-calibrating it to keep up with the changing times has opened a Pandora's box.