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India’s current external debt is under control
Sep 16, 2022

India’s current external debt is under control

Although there is no immediate challenge to debt servicing, India cannot afford to be complacent about its external debt amidst the current global eco

India’s developing economic ties with the Indo-Pacific
Apr 26, 2021

India’s developing economic ties with the Indo-Pacific

India’s concerted actions in the Indo-Pacific region will determine its evolution as a key player.

India’s economic footprint in the developing world
Sep 13, 2023

India’s economic footprint in the developing world

The world is witnessing a paradigm shift: India is becoming a more active player not only in contributing goods, services and training, but also in shaping the global development agenda itself. This Brief is a map of India's growing economic footprint in the developing world.

India’s economy is now riding a roller-coaster
Aug 26, 2019

India’s economy is now riding a roller-coaster

The problem is that no political economy sensitive plan to implement these reforms has emerged.

India’s Energy Transition in a Climate-Constrained World
Sep 13, 2023

India’s Energy Transition in a Climate-Constrained World

Energy transitions in developing economies like India are complex processesinvolving substantial financial and technological resources as well as appropriate innovation.These transitions are central to the climate debate, where emphasis is placed on increasing theshare of renewables in the energy mix to mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change. Thispaper examines the historical attributes of energy transition and finds various critical fact

India’s fight against health emergencies: In search of a legal architecture
May 24, 2023

India’s fight against health emergencies: In search of a legal architecture

The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 (caused by the novel coronavirus or SARS-CoV-2) has exposed glaring gaps in India’s domestic laws. Absent a rationally structured legislation to fall back on, the Union government in March advised states to invoke the Epidemic Diseases Act of 1897 to tackle the pandemic in their jurisdictions. The 123-year-old colonial law, however, does not even define what a disease is, let alone an epidemic or a pandemic. Ind

India’s future choices as the Sino-Indian crisis escalates
Sep 25, 2020

India’s future choices as the Sino-Indian crisis escalates

The Sino-India bilateral relationship has been premised on an understanding that the two nations can move forward on other areas of engagement as the border remains “hot” with military activity. Chinese actions are producing the opposite effect of what was intended, and India is now willing to adopt policies with a strong anti-China orientation.

India’s G20 presidency: Confronting a China challenge
Feb 03, 2023

India’s G20 presidency: Confronting a China challenge

There is a growing uneasiness among the Chinese circles that India will use the G20 platform to push for its interests

India’s G20 presidency: Priorities in trade and correcting supply chains
Jan 31, 2023

India’s G20 presidency: Priorities in trade and correcting supply chains

India’s G20 presidency is an opportunity that allows the developing world to play a leading role in bringing back the world economy to pre-pandemic

India’s Green Hydrogen Policy: Tentative beginnings
Feb 23, 2022

India’s Green Hydrogen Policy: Tentative beginnings

To display its commitment to achieve net zero emissions, India has incentivised the production of green hydrogen.

India’s Growing Energy Insecurity: Volatile crude prices and a tattered road map to reform
Feb 13, 2009

India’s Growing Energy Insecurity: Volatile crude prices and a tattered road map to reform

Over the past few years, there is noticeable amongst India watchers an inescapable feeling of disappointment at what has been seen as a perceptible rolling back of many of the much vaunted reforms that had been the face of the country's efforts to integrate with world energy markets through the turn of the century. With an import dependence of over 70%, and increasing with each passing year, the petroleum sector had been the obvious choice to mov

India’s growing strategic footprint in the Indo-Pacific
Aug 15, 2023

India’s growing strategic footprint in the Indo-Pacific

As a rising power in the Indo-Pacific region, India is expanding its outreach in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific exponentially

India’s Leap: Embracing IR 4.0 to Building for the World
Jan 26, 2022

India’s Leap: Embracing IR 4.0 to Building for the World

Digital India today, means different things to different people, but for the world, it means that India with its technology is here to lead

India’s Lines of Credit, Development Cooperation, and G20 Presidency: A Primer
Aug 17, 2023

India’s Lines of Credit, Development Cooperation, and G20 Presidency: A Primer

Lines of Credit (LOCs) are a widely used instrument in development cooperation, including for India. The projects funded by India’s LOCs attempt to achieve a trinity of objectives: economic benefits; effective project management and completion; and nurturing and enhancing diplomatic relationship and strategic interests with the partner countries. This brief explains how India’s LOCs function, and contextualises the performance of the

India’s Malabar Dilemma
May 10, 2023

India’s Malabar Dilemma

Speculations are rife about India possibly inviting Australia for the next Malabar naval exercise—which COVID-19 has caused to be moved to 2021.[1] If true, this would represent a break from the past and signal a change in the Asian strategic environment. Over the past few years, India has consistently resisted including Australia in the exercise, despite the latter’s willingness. The only other time that Australia was included in the Malabar

India’s Maritime Agenda Pivots to Western Indian Ocean
Aug 16, 2023

India’s Maritime Agenda Pivots to Western Indian Ocean

The Western Indian Ocean Region (WIOR) is linked to India in several ways, yet it remains conspicuous in its absence from India’s foreign policy discourse. This lack of attention is now beginning to reverse as external players stake their geopolitical claims in the region. India has responded by reorienting its own nautical outlook towards WIOR and building friendly relationships with African countries that straddle the region. This bri

India’s naval evacuation gets underway amidst a pandemic
May 08, 2020

India’s naval evacuation gets underway amidst a pandemic

Indian planners would do well to reflect on some lessons from past missions.

India’s nuclear dilemma
Sep 28, 2018

India’s nuclear dilemma

India’s challenge in asserting its stance on global nuclear disarmament requires a precise articulation of its goals and plans.

India’s pink economy
Mar 02, 2024

India’s pink economy

Unlocking the economic potential of the LGBTQ+ community will enhance India’s economic progress by tapping into diverse talents, driving innovation,

India’s pursuit of United Nations Security Council reforms
Dec 24, 2017

India’s pursuit of United Nations Security Council reforms

The United Nations Security Council has emerged as the key arena and barometer for evaluating the promise and progress of accommodating new, rising powers in the international system. The case of India provides one of the best examples of a rising power coming to terms with its increased power, role and expectations of itself and of other powers, great and small, in negotiating its place in the reformed Council as a permanent member. This paper b

India’s response to state fragility in Africa
Oct 27, 2017

India’s response to state fragility in Africa

New Delhi is increasingly positioning itself as a significant player in African peace, security and development. Examining the question of how India responds to state fragility in Africa, this brief finds that India’s engagement is mostly transactional: working around, rather than on, sources of political fragility. Development and security interventions tend to operate in silos, but might change if Indian commercial investments are threatened

India’s Taliban Outreach
Jun 17, 2022

India’s Taliban Outreach

Greater engagement with the Taliban will create new possibilities for India as other regional players such as China, Russia and Iran look for ways to step up their engagement

India’s tank problem and the two-front challenge
Oct 20, 2021

India’s tank problem and the two-front challenge

India must be more proactive in how it engages with China along its border

India’s urban reality
Sep 09, 2019

India’s urban reality

Unless India takes up urban planning with the seriousness it deserves, the future of some of the mega projects of the incumbent government such as the

India’s ‘Look Far East’: The Vladivostok moment in Indo-Russian relations
May 26, 2020

India’s ‘Look Far East’: The Vladivostok moment in Indo-Russian relations

This paper explains Russian co-option of India into the Eastern Economic Forum (EEF) at a high level of participation in September 2019 and the range of agreements involved. It argues that the co-option was the result of Russian President Vladimir Putin’s dissatisfaction with the economic outcomes so far for the Russian Far East of “northeast Asian regional cooperation.” Moscow related this behaviour to skewed priorities of East Asia’s �

Indigenous Technology as a strategic moat for India
May 24, 2023

Indigenous Technology as a strategic moat for India

Technology is vital to enabling accelerated socio-economic growth, effective governance, and relief delivery at scale. Many economies are adopting and developing technology-first frameworks to strengthen their population’s social welfare net, and support economic growth. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed both the challenges and opportunities in India that can be addressed and driven by multidimensional technology frameworks. With the rebalancin

Indo-Pacific: Ancient waters and emerging geometries
Aug 01, 2019

Indo-Pacific: Ancient waters and emerging geometries

With Beijing stepping up naval shipbuilding in recent years — including aircraft carriers — it seems the PLAN is intent on increasing strategic re

Indo-Pak Mirage or Reality?
May 24, 2005

Indo-Pak Mirage or Reality?

Since January, 2004, there has been a wind of change in Indo-Pak relations for which credit has to be equally shared by Shri Atal Behari Vajpayee, the former Prime Minister, and Dr.Manmohan Singh, the present. Rhetoric has given place to seeming reason and confrontation to conviviality.

Indo-Pak ties: Increasing people-to-people contact is the way forward
Feb 12, 2013

Indo-Pak ties: Increasing people-to-people contact is the way forward

A desire to find a solution to the conflict that plagues both India and Pakistan was the common thread that run through the discussion at ORF on the bilateral relations and the way forward between Indian experts and retired military officials from Pakistan.

Indo-US cyber dialogue should include hardware security
Jul 03, 2014

Indo-US cyber dialogue should include hardware security

Much like the Indo-U.S. strategic partnership, Indo-U.S. cyber engagement appears to have plateaued and could benefit from a tailored reset. Adopting various measures to ensure trust in defence hardware is essential to both India and the United States, and should therefore be explored as a mechanism for deeper cooperation.

Infrastructure, institutions and industrialisation: The Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor and regional development in Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh
Aug 21, 2023

Infrastructure, institutions and industrialisation: The Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor and regional development in Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh

The Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) is one of several infrastructure megaprojects underway in India, intended to boost industrial modernisation and generate manufacturing employment for India’s young, largely unskilled workforce. Field research in DMIC investment sites in Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh shows that its implementation is highly uneven across States and regions. The research, along with the literature, suggests that regional ind

INS Arihant: A step closer to a credible ‘Triad’ but not quite there yet
Nov 08, 2018

INS Arihant: A step closer to a credible ‘Triad’ but not quite there yet

Amidst the celebrations following the INS Arihant’s first patrolling mission, it is ironical that the Indian navy’s tactical war fighting fleet of

INS VAGIR: भारत की पनडुब्बी आधुनिकीकरण योजना
Jan 04, 2023

INS VAGIR: भारत की पनडुब्बी आधुनिकीकरण योजना

भारत अपने पनडुब्बी बेड़े का आधुनिकीकरण कर रहा है, इस प्रय�

INS Vikrant and Maritime Operations
Sep 03, 2022

INS Vikrant and Maritime Operations

The aircraft carrier is key to India’s maritime diplomacy and power projection in the Indian Ocean

INS वगीर: भारताची पाणबुडी आधुनिकीकरण योजना
Aug 21, 2023

INS वगीर: भारताची पाणबुडी आधुनिकीकरण योजना

भारत आपल्या पाणबुडीच्या ताफ्याचे आधुनिकीकरण करत आहे पण प्रयत्न आव्हानात्मक आहे.

Insider Threats and Nuclear Security During a Pandemic
Apr 23, 2021

Insider Threats and Nuclear Security During a Pandemic

Insider threats targeting nuclear plants have always been a concern. A stressful pandemic exacerbates those existing risks.

Institutional architecture for India’s development cooperation: A 2030 vision
May 02, 2021

Institutional architecture for India’s development cooperation: A 2030 vision

To assert itself at a global scale, India must employ development cooperation objectives and utilise multilateral and plurilateral forums through a st

Intelligence quotient
Jun 21, 2006

Intelligence quotient

Intelligence and the world of espionage are as old as history. Rameshwar Nath Kao, the first chief of R, used to say that his friend, Comte Alexandre de Marenches, the French chief of intelligence during the Seventies, described this world as the best. Marenches used to say that espionage was an unscrupulous game played by gentlemen.

Inter-linking of rivers: Making the Supreme Court order work
Feb 29, 2012

Inter-linking of rivers: Making the Supreme Court order work

In a reforms-minded India, where subsidies have become a 'bad word' for some policy-planners, questions will be asked on making a massive project on inter-linking of rivers to pay for itself, post facto.

Interim Budget 2024: India’s health spending during the pandemic years
Feb 03, 2024

Interim Budget 2024: India’s health spending during the pandemic years

In the Interim Budget, the government seems to be focusing on important pillars of its Universal Health Coverage plans, namely healthcare infrastructu

Internationalising ‘Kashmir issue’, the UNHRC way
Sep 19, 2016

Internationalising ‘Kashmir issue’, the UNHRC way

How to downplay the internationalisation of the Kashmir issue? Is it possible to contain the present crisis.

Internet governance debates gain steam within India
Apr 09, 2014

Internet governance debates gain steam within India

Though the Indian state has chosen to espouse a state-led mechanism for internet governance, one must remember that it is the civil society and media outrage that led the Indian government to ensure the IT Act, 2000 is not easily abused. All actors have their place at the table, be it at the state or international level.

Internet Governance: The Key Questions for India
Mar 05, 2014

Internet Governance: The Key Questions for India

The idea of the 'global village', the efforts to create a global economy and emerging global digital marketplace, are all likely to be impacted if nations and communities do not find it within themselves to agree to norms and laws that would apply to this realm.

Internet suspension in India: A call for balancing security and rights
Apr 07, 2023

Internet suspension in India: A call for balancing security and rights

The current legal regime governing internet shutdowns must be overhauled to place greater emphasis on transparency and accountability

Introducing NavIC 2.0: Leveraging India’s strategic space advantage
Apr 01, 2024

Introducing NavIC 2.0: Leveraging India’s strategic space advantage

NavIC 2.0 not only fortifies India's defence capabilities but also places it on par with leading nations in global satellite navigation