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Cyber Security & Internet Governance
Jul 16, 2013

Cyber Security & Internet Governance

With both the goods FTA and services FTA in place, India is well set on the path of a comprehensive economic partnership with ASEAN. India, whose services sector contributes about 55% to the country's GDP, has been keen to sign the services FTA with ASEAN as it will help the Indian companies tap the ASEAN markets easily.

CyFy 2019: Chairman’s message
Oct 15, 2019

CyFy 2019: Chairman’s message

CyFy in many ways is a platform that mimics the internet in its pristine prime. It is designed to be owned and curated by multiple stakeholders and pa

Data Empowerment and Protection Architecture: Concept and Assessment
Aug 12, 2021

Data Empowerment and Protection Architecture: Concept and Assessment

Free flow in data can unlock huge social and economic value in user data that is usually locked in silos. With this motivation, Data Empowerment and Protection Architecture (DEPA), a public-private endeavour, is being developed in India as a template for users to access and share their data on their terms. Not only does this form of data sharing promote competition, but it fosters innovation as well. This brief dissects the conceptual layers of D

Data for development: Revisiting the non-personal data governance framework
Dec 30, 2020

Data for development: Revisiting the non-personal data governance framework

Any new framework for non-personal data must consider that data is not just an economic resource to be commodified, neither is it an instrument of sov

Data stewardship: Collective bargaining for privacy
Oct 03, 2020

Data stewardship: Collective bargaining for privacy

Pooling data rights to negotiate better with platform companies can help rebalance power in the data economy and address the growing gaps in individua

De facto shared sovereignty and the rise of non-state statecraft: Imperatives for nation-states
Apr 22, 2021

De facto shared sovereignty and the rise of non-state statecraft: Imperatives for nation-states

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has created complexity in the international power model of state sovereignty.

Death of Ayman Al Zawahiri and the end of Al Qaeda 'legacy'
Aug 02, 2022

Death of Ayman Al Zawahiri and the end of Al Qaeda 'legacy'

With the death of Ayman al-Zawahiri, the primary question that looms over Al Qaeda is who will replace him as the next chief.

Deciphering grey-zone operations in maritime-Asia
Aug 03, 2018

Deciphering grey-zone operations in maritime-Asia

Recent grey-zone activity in maritime-Asia suggests an increase in hybrid warfare, even as the lines between military, economic, diplomatic, intelligence and criminal means of aggression become increasingly blurred. By replacing overt military aggression with soft provocations – kept well below the threshold of open warfare – aggressors attempt to leverage asymmetry, ambiguity and incrementalism for strategic effects. These tactics are highly

Decoding China’s ballistic missile defence (BMD) and anti-satellite (ASAT) systems efforts
Apr 06, 2019

Decoding China’s ballistic missile defence (BMD) and anti-satellite (ASAT) systems efforts

The Chinese conduct their tests from their test site in Korla, Xinjiang. Since the hit-to-kill vehicles can be used for BMD and ASAT, the site probab

Decoding India’s Priorities at the SCO: Connectivity, Counterterrorism, and Afghanistan
Aug 09, 2023

Decoding India’s Priorities at the SCO: Connectivity, Counterterrorism, and Afghanistan

As an emerging power in the current multipolar global order, India can use the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) to protect, promote, and project its geostrategic and geoeconomic interests. The SCO is also a platform for India to reaffirm its commitment to revive and deepen its centuries-old civilisational, spiritual, and cultural ties with other member countries. This paper explores India's priorities at the SCO, chiefly connectivity, coun

Decoding the Land Acquisition Bill
Aug 31, 2013

Decoding the Land Acquisition Bill

The new land acquisition bill has brought transparency in land acquisition. But by incorporating too many instruments and agencies to ensure the same, it instead risks making the process bureaucratic. Thus, the bill ends up replacing a coercive colonial law with a cumbersome one.

Decolonising heritage sites in post-colonial–cum–apartheid cities: Experiences and suggestions from the Global South
Nov 20, 2021

Decolonising heritage sites in post-colonial–cum–apartheid cities: Experiences and suggestions from the Global South

The continuation of oppressive colonial ideology through the preservation of heritage sites is stifling social change.

Defence Acquisition Procedure 2020: Imperatives for Further Reforms
Feb 04, 2021

Defence Acquisition Procedure 2020: Imperatives for Further Reforms

The Ministry of Defence released the Defence Acquisition Procedure 2020 (DAP 2020) in September last year, in a move to further streamline the procurement process and provide a boost to indigenous arms manufacturing. This brief argues that measures articulated in the DAP—highly anticipated as it was—need to be complemented by additional reforms to create a robust procurement machinery that supports faster and cheaper acquisition as well as hi

Defence budget 2022-23: Securing India, pursuing self-reliance
Feb 01, 2022

Defence budget 2022-23: Securing India, pursuing self-reliance

Keeping in line with the security needs of India, the defence budget saw a significant increase. Will this be enough to boost defence research and dev

Defence expenditure: Going beyond the Budget
Mar 20, 2013

Defence expenditure: Going beyond the Budget

Defence needs to be viewed as an integral part of national planning so as to comprehensively quantify the overall requirement to meet our legitimate security needs and strategic aspirations.

Defence reforms get a fillip, but more needs to be done urgently
Jan 15, 2019

Defence reforms get a fillip, but more needs to be done urgently

At a time when advances in technology are revolutionising warfare, India is still debating the need to move towards leaner force structures. India needs to cut the flab on an urgent basis.

Defence sector needs drastic reforms
Jul 27, 2015

Defence sector needs drastic reforms

Resources are constraining the modernisation drives of India's three services. The government has not been able to check the growth of manpower in the Army and paramilitary forces. This has a direct repercussion on the modernisation plans of the military.

Defence, beyond action-reaction
Mar 31, 2011

Defence, beyond action-reaction

The defence component of the national budget accounts for 14% of central government expenditure, but gets less than 5% of media space. Virtually no discussion on the issue takes place in Parliament either. A call for increased resources for national defence usually goes out only when defence spending by Pakistan and China makes headlines.

Delhi-Dhaka-Tokyo cooperation: Charting developmental pathways in the Indo-Pacific
Jul 17, 2023

Delhi-Dhaka-Tokyo cooperation: Charting developmental pathways in the Indo-Pacific

All three countries have unique strengths which they can leverage by working trilaterally and together they can play a major role in shaping the futur

Delhi’s efforts to build roads on the lines of European cities
Dec 19, 2020

Delhi’s efforts to build roads on the lines of European cities

Modern street planning does not stop at technical designing.

Demand-Inducing Stimulus as Covid19 Response: A Case for Debt Monetisation
May 11, 2023

Demand-Inducing Stimulus as Covid19 Response: A Case for Debt Monetisation

As India reels from the economic fallout of Covid-19 despite the announcement of a relief package, calls for a more refined and demand-inducing stimulus have emerged. However, the bleak state of the government’s coffers has left limited fiscal space to act. This brief explains the plausibility of financing a demand-inducing stimulus using debt monetisation as a one-time policy measure. Outlining the criticisms against such proposals and how the

Democracy: Debugging in process
May 21, 2021

Democracy: Debugging in process

It is important to harness informed technology so that we protect against and mitigate the very risks that are likely to play spoilsport in our attemp

Democratising India’s Jal Jeevan Mission: Going bottom-up
Dec 23, 2020

Democratising India’s Jal Jeevan Mission: Going bottom-up

Jal Jeevan Mission needs to take into cognizance the localised diversity and remain flexible in its planning and implementation processes.

Democratising Technology for the Next Six Billion: India’s ‘Digital Public Goods’ Innovation
Nov 16, 2021

Democratising Technology for the Next Six Billion: India’s ‘Digital Public Goods’ Innovation

Access to, and development of indigenous digital platforms and cutting-edge technologies is imperative for robust socio-economic development and national security. In turn, such process needs to be democratised, and undertaken in a sustainable manner. India is a first mover in this novel idea of democratising technology and developing Digital Public Goods. Operationalised in the digital infrastructure called India Stack, India’s strategy aims t

Deradicalisation as Counterterrorism Strategy: The Experience of Indian States
Aug 04, 2020

Deradicalisation as Counterterrorism Strategy: The Experience of Indian States

Various Indian states have attempted to implement their respective deradicalisation programmes to counter radicalised thought amongst those identified as being at-risk, as well as those contemplating on joining, or are returning after having joined terror groups. Maharashtra and Kerala, for example, claim that their programmes are a success. Yet little is known regarding the structure of these deradicalisation programmes, their implementation, th

Design Behind 'Counting' The Poor
Oct 11, 2011

Design Behind 'Counting' The Poor

Though the Planning Commission went by the Tendulkar formula, Rs 32 and Rs 24 look extremely low at today's prices and high inflation, and especially if we take into account that these amounts include other items of daily life like education and health.

Developing the architecture for urban transportation in India
Aug 13, 2018

Developing the architecture for urban transportation in India

Development of a proper and efficient transport network is a science in itself, but the least understood.

Did India just win at the Line of Actual Control?
Feb 25, 2021

Did India just win at the Line of Actual Control?

Beijing and New Delhi may be disengaging in the Pangong Tso lake region, but their divisions are more fraught than ever.

Did Lavrov’s India trip reset India-Russia ties?
Apr 09, 2021

Did Lavrov’s India trip reset India-Russia ties?

Despite public display of affection, all is not well in the India-Russia relationship.

Diego Garcia: India’s conundrum
Jun 16, 2020

Diego Garcia: India’s conundrum

New Delhi declared unequivocal support for “all peoples striving for decolonisation”, only to keep conspicuously quiet.

Digital democracies: Drawing battle lines in the sand
Jan 15, 2022

Digital democracies: Drawing battle lines in the sand

As technology is growing by leaps and bounds, and its interplay with democracy has magnified, is it time to place regulations on digital democracy?

Digital Dreams, Real Challenges: Key Factors Driving India’s AI Ecosystem
May 08, 2024

Digital Dreams, Real Challenges: Key Factors Driving India’s AI Ecosystem

India, like much of the rest of the world, is faced with the twin but opposing conditions of economic potential and social concerns that need to be negotiated to realise the digital dividends from artificial intelligence (AI) and achieve sustainable and balanced growth. AI systems involve layers of technological dependencies that necessitate and enable social and institutional interdependency between stakeholders, enabling conditions, and resourc

Digital Euro: Aspirations of a sovereign alternative to crypto-assets
Jul 31, 2021

Digital Euro: Aspirations of a sovereign alternative to crypto-assets

With plans of launching the digital euro project, the Eurozone aims at producing “a riskless, accessible and efficient form of central bank money”

Digital Public Goods in times of crises: The COVID-19 pandemic and digital sovereignty
Oct 26, 2022

Digital Public Goods in times of crises: The COVID-19 pandemic and digital sovereignty

An analysis of how the DHIS2 open-source platform was used in Sri Lanka, Norway, and Uganda during the COVID-19 pandemic

Digital strategies for disaster management: Lessons from Kashmir
Sep 19, 2014

Digital strategies for disaster management: Lessons from Kashmir

The Kashmir floods have exposed our communication faultlines. Why is there no disaster management plan in the case of a communication blackout? This is perhaps even more pertinent given that the remote corners of India, be they coastal, mountainous or otherwise, are not well connected to modern telecom networks.

Digital twin: Making India’s clean energy architecture versatile
Mar 26, 2024

Digital twin: Making India’s clean energy architecture versatile

The use of digital twin technologies in renewable energy ecosystems will benefit producers, consumers, and governments alike

Diplomatic tai chi
Jan 25, 2011

Diplomatic tai chi

When Lang Lang, a resident of New York, was invited by the White House for a piano recital at the banquet for Chinese President Hu Jintao in Washington DC on January 19, no one really bothered to check the music he would play.

Dire Straits: Taiwan crisis and the Indo-Pacific
Aug 16, 2022

Dire Straits: Taiwan crisis and the Indo-Pacific

China’s belligerence across the Taiwan Strait raises tensions in the Indo-Pacific.

Dire straits: The Horn of Africa faces deepening crises
Jan 23, 2023

Dire straits: The Horn of Africa faces deepening crises

The international community must ensure that measures are in place to deal with the food and health crises unfolding in the Horn region

Disease and urban densities
Apr 19, 2020

Disease and urban densities

The COVID19 pandemic is a wake-up call to the world to realise that the sustainability quotient, in terms of the scale that city population densities

Disillusionment with democracy in Nepal
Dec 22, 2023

Disillusionment with democracy in Nepal

Nepal is witnessing a clear disillusionment with the federal political system as protests demanding the restoration of monarchy are on the rise

Dispelling doubts about the India story abroad
Sep 18, 2012

Dispelling doubts about the India story abroad

With the idea to dispel doubts about the India story abroad, Observer Research Foundation brought together the spokespersons of the two rival parties, the ruling Congress Party and the Opposition BJP, at a platform arranged by the US India Business Council (USIBC) in Washington on 18 September.

Dissecting the Bihar Assembly elections
Nov 18, 2020

Dissecting the Bihar Assembly elections

Apart from emotive issues and caste loyalties, the narrative of governance played a major role in this election.

DMK making 'Sri Lanka issue', an Agenda for Assembly Polls?
Aug 09, 2010

DMK making 'Sri Lanka issue', an Agenda for Assembly Polls?

Intentionally or otherwise, the ruling DMK in Tamil Nadu seems to be conferring on the 'Sri Lankan Tamil issue' the place that the State's voters did not attach during the critical weeks of the parliamentary polls in May 2009.

Does India matter in Nepali elections?
Nov 20, 2022

Does India matter in Nepali elections?

The “India factor” has normally played a big role in the course of Nepali politics, discourse, and elections

Does the War on Terror Strengthen the Idea of Pakhtoonistan?
Mar 15, 2008

Does the War on Terror Strengthen the Idea of Pakhtoonistan?

On the eve of the February 18 elections, no two people in Islamabad, Lahore and Karachi were agreed on the certainty of elections taking place. Elections cannot take place, it was argued then, because the establishment will not risk an open-ended process which might produce inconvenient results. In the Pakistani context, the establishment has always meant the Army, the bureaucracy, big landlords and the United States.