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Indian Ocean Dialogue 2014
May 09, 2014

Indian Ocean Dialogue 2014

Observer Research Foundation, with support from the Ministry of External Affairs, hosted the Indian Ocean Dialogue 2014. The event witnessed participation of delegates from the far corners of the Indian Ocean and beyond, capturing the vastness and diversity of the region.

Indian Ocean Region: What India does, China now wants to do better
Jan 19, 2022

Indian Ocean Region: What India does, China now wants to do better

The recent visit made by the Chinese Foreign Minister to Maldives, Sri Lanka, and Comoros showcases its renewed interest in the Indian Ocean Region

Indian Polity at the Crossroads, Again?
Aug 06, 2004

Indian Polity at the Crossroads, Again?

A decade and more after the ¿reforms regimen¿ caused a rethink of the ¿national agenda¿, the Indian polity may be at the crossroads again. If cascading fiscal compulsion was behind the earlier re-think, this time round it has more to do with the evolving polity and ageing personalities.

Indian Regional Parties: Do They Genuinely Represent Regional Aspirations?
Nov 10, 2011

Indian Regional Parties: Do They Genuinely Represent Regional Aspirations?

While Non-Congress parties spare no opportunity to accuse the Congress Party of psychophancy and a feudal culture, regional parties are not far behind. In fact, they have perfected the art of dynastic politics, beating the Congress Party.

Indian rice export ban: Implications for global markets and food security
Dec 22, 2023

Indian rice export ban: Implications for global markets and food security

India’s rice export ban is unlikely to lead to a global food crisis, given the extent of the reduction in supply to global markets and the concomita

Indian startups gets a surged Chinese VC investment; space startups remains neglected
Feb 26, 2020

Indian startups gets a surged Chinese VC investment; space startups remains neglected

The absence of any perceptible shift in Chinese VC enthusiasm for Indian space startups requires explanation, given how optimistic Chinese VCs have be

Indian tech startups: A mixed picture
Dec 27, 2022

Indian tech startups: A mixed picture

Indian tech startups are confronting huge roadblocks as funding runs low

India–EU Relations: क्या रिश्तों की अपार संभावनाओं से अब भी दूर खड़ी है दोस्ती?
Jul 30, 2023

India–EU Relations: क्या रिश्तों की अपार संभावनाओं से अब भी दूर खड़ी है दोस्ती?

1990 के दशक से व्यापारिक संबंधों में बढ़ोतरी के साथ भारत-ईयू

India–Saudi Arabia military cooperation takes a step forward
Feb 22, 2022

India–Saudi Arabia military cooperation takes a step forward

Even though India has little to offer in comparison to other countries in terms of defence technology, it can aspire to become a hub for cooperative d

India–Taiwan FTA in the making
May 30, 2022

India–Taiwan FTA in the making

Taiwan and India look to bolster their economic & trade bilateral engagement as both the countries commenced negotiations on the India–Taiwan FTA.

India’s Afghan dilemma is tougher than ever
Feb 20, 2019

India’s Afghan dilemma is tougher than ever

New Delhi requires partners both outside and inside Afghanistan to protect its presence and interests in the war-torn country.

India’s Afghanistan policy should rapidly adapt to the evolving realities
Sep 03, 2019

India’s Afghanistan policy should rapidly adapt to the evolving realities

Instead, on Sunday, US special envoy to Afghanistan Zalmay Khalilzad left Qatar, where the US-Taliban talks were being held, the September 1 deadline having been crossed without any final agreement.

India’s Agnipath Scheme and the Impact on Ties with Nepal
Aug 17, 2023

India’s Agnipath Scheme and the Impact on Ties with Nepal

The Gorkhas, a Nepali military community, have long been recruited by the Indian Army into its Gorkha regiments. Gorkha youth are keen to join the Indian Army since its perks and payments are superior to those of the Nepali Army. However, India's new short-term military enlistment scheme, Agnipath, could alter this association. This brief discusses the impacts of the Agnipath scheme on military labour migration from Nepal to India, and on

India’s balancing act between Russia and the US amidst growing tensions
Feb 10, 2022

India’s balancing act between Russia and the US amidst growing tensions

India’s recent abstention at the UNSC indicates that it will continue to maintain favourable relations with both the countries whilst prioritising i

India’s balancing act in Myanmar
Sep 11, 2017

India’s balancing act in Myanmar

India’s approach to Myanmar’s Rohingya crisis demonstrates the tension between its geopolitical interests and values.

India’s balancing act on Hamas is outdated diplomacy
Dec 11, 2018

India’s balancing act on Hamas is outdated diplomacy

By abstaining from the UN vote on condemning Hamas’ terrorism, the Modi government has sent a wrong message that India is tolerant towards terror in

India’s balancing partnerships in Eurasia
Feb 27, 2019

India’s balancing partnerships in Eurasia

An interview of ORF President to the Institut Montaigne on India’s foreign policy choices, in particular relations with China, Russia and the Europe

India’s bid to kickstart innovation ecosystem in SCO
Jun 15, 2023

India’s bid to kickstart innovation ecosystem in SCO

India has accumulated valuable expertise in navigating complex markets, which can be shared to help startups in SCO countries.

India’s big space leap; ISRO now readying flight to Venus
Nov 25, 2018

India’s big space leap; ISRO now readying flight to Venus

ISRO recently announced its plans to undertake a mission to Venus in the early 2020s and has also invited international proposals for scientific payloads.

India’s Coal Supply Security: Pushing Imports at the Expense of Domestic Reforms?
May 11, 2023

India’s Coal Supply Security: Pushing Imports at the Expense of Domestic Reforms?

Coal India Ltd. (CIL) has not been able to supply the committed quantity of coal to the powerproducers, forcing them to source coal from other countries. Apart from this, many coal blockswhich should have been in operation by now are yet to come on-stream.

India’s Coal Transition: A Market Case for Decarbonisation
Nov 11, 2021

India’s Coal Transition: A Market Case for Decarbonisation

There are calls for India to declare a net-zero year and offset its carbon emissions by various processes of absorption and removal of greenhouse gases. For India, such calls are irrational; despite international pressure, it has avoided making pledges or setting hard targets beyond its commitments at the Paris climate conference in 2015. This brief argues that “net zero” is not possible with India’s current levels of reliance on coal. Its

India’s Coastal Security Challenges and Policy Recommendations
Jul 31, 2023

India’s Coastal Security Challenges and Policy Recommendations

The November 2008 terrorist attacks on Mumbai the commercial capital of an economically resurgent India?left a deep and indelible impact on the Indian security psyche. The attacks exposed the lackadaisical attitude of the Government, at both the Central and state level, towards coastal security and the sheer illpreparedness of the country to combat such terror threats from the seas.

India’s constructive revisionism
Apr 22, 2024

India’s constructive revisionism

Given the shortcomings of the faltering West-led international order, there arises a crucial demand for constructive revisionism spearheaded by India

India’s containment plan for COVID19: How not to call a spade a spade
Apr 07, 2020

India’s containment plan for COVID19: How not to call a spade a spade

India’s preparations as well as inventory, in contrast to the vast needs that we will face in the coming days from what country examples indicate, l

India’s COP26 pledges: Ambitious, but ambiguous
Nov 10, 2021

India’s COP26 pledges: Ambitious, but ambiguous

India’s COP26 pledges are commendable, but will they be feasible in the long run?

India’s cotton production: Seeking white gold
Oct 07, 2022

India’s cotton production: Seeking white gold

Adopting Voluntary Sustainable Standards (VSS) can help India boost its cotton production in a sustainable manner

India’s cybersecurity priorities for G20 Presidency
Dec 04, 2022

India’s cybersecurity priorities for G20 Presidency

India now has the opportunity to spearhead a global partnership to build a safe cyberspace and to prioritise cybersecurity concerns

India’s dash for gas: Marathon rather than a sprint 
Dec 16, 2021

India’s dash for gas: Marathon rather than a sprint 

A gas-based future looked promising for India, but the country has failed to live up to expectations.

India’s defence budget: The navy and its Atmanirbhar Bharat Mission
Jul 16, 2022

India’s defence budget: The navy and its Atmanirbhar Bharat Mission

The budgetary restrictions on the Indian Navy stifle the indigenisation and innovation process.

India’s Defence Chief opposes aircraft carrier plans
May 14, 2020

India’s Defence Chief opposes aircraft carrier plans

Budget woes are unlikely to ease. The Chief of Defence Staff and the Army leadership are likely come under pressure to seriously think about downsizing the Army.

India’s Defence Industry: Achievements and Challenges
May 06, 2024

India’s Defence Industry: Achievements and Challenges

Prime Minister Narendra Modi's government has launched many reforms under the ‘Make in India’ and ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ initiatives to strengthen India’s moribund defence industry. These reforms have led to some visible improvements, as evidenced by increased defence production and exports, and a large bank of in-principle government approvals for future domestic production. However, several challenges persist that require urgent attenti

India’s development partnership with Nepal: The paradigm shift and future prospects
Jul 15, 2019

India’s development partnership with Nepal: The paradigm shift and future prospects

While development cooperation has a crucial role in shaping political relations between countries, political relations should not undermine the effect

India’s dilemma in Maldives
Feb 13, 2018

India’s dilemma in Maldives

Maldivian President Yameen Abdullah Gayoom’s rejection of the Supreme Court’s decision to release the jailed opposition leaders to ensure a free and fair presidential elections later this year has brought to head the country’s brewing estrangement with its traditional ally, India. India faces a dilemma: How must it deal with the situation in Maldives? This report examines India’s options in the context of China’s expanding power in the

India’s diplomatic slowdown in Maldives
Feb 13, 2018

India’s diplomatic slowdown in Maldives

India’s Maldives initiative of the UN kind, as reported in a section of the media, could reopen old wounds in the neighbourhood, where the political

India’s e-vehicle drive: Context and challenges
Aug 14, 2019

India’s e-vehicle drive: Context and challenges

There is no doubt in the merits of moving away from fossil-based mobility, but all the efforts must match up to the targets that have been set forth.

India’s East Asia outreach shows its centrality to regional stability
Apr 15, 2024

India’s East Asia outreach shows its centrality to regional stability

New Delhi is trying to deepen ties to confront common threats but in-group differences pose hurdles

India’s Enduring Challenge of Intelligence Reforms
Dec 09, 2020

India’s Enduring Challenge of Intelligence Reforms

India’s attempts at strengthening its intelligence infrastructure and capabilities have historically been reactive and incremental, rather than holistic and sustainable. This was seen, for instance, in the aftermath of the Kargil War, and following the terror attacks on Mumbai in November 2008. India has rarely undertaken proactive reforms and done little to implement corrective measures subsequent to these crises. This brief offers recommendat

India’s Enduring Urban Housing Shortage: The Case for Upgrading Informal Settlements
Jul 23, 2023

India’s Enduring Urban Housing Shortage: The Case for Upgrading Informal Settlements

In 2015, the Indian government launched the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Urban (PMAY-U) as a response to the perennial challenge of shortage in urban housing. As of June 2021, 11.2 million houses have been sanctioned under PMAY-U, of which 4.8 million have been completed. However, various analyses indicate that PMAY-U dwellings may be insufficient in quantity, and that some of them may be either unaffordable or unviable for those who need them the

India’s Energy Transition in a Climate-Constrained World
Sep 13, 2023

India’s Energy Transition in a Climate-Constrained World

Energy transitions in developing economies like India are complex processesinvolving substantial financial and technological resources as well as appropriate innovation.These transitions are central to the climate debate, where emphasis is placed on increasing theshare of renewables in the energy mix to mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change. Thispaper examines the historical attributes of energy transition and finds various critical fact

India’s engagements with Central Europe: Historical links, shared values and global objectives
Dec 09, 2018

India’s engagements with Central Europe: Historical links, shared values and global objectives

Modern-day India deals with the independent Czech and Slovak republics, where bilateral relations are friendly, genuine and positive. The leaders buil

India’s evolving subregional approach to security cooperation
Nov 30, 2020

India’s evolving subregional approach to security cooperation

The subregional approach has been providing Delhi the opportunity to experiment with new arrangements in building security cooperation with its neighb

India’s fight against health emergencies: In search of a legal architecture
May 24, 2023

India’s fight against health emergencies: In search of a legal architecture

The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 (caused by the novel coronavirus or SARS-CoV-2) has exposed glaring gaps in India’s domestic laws. Absent a rationally structured legislation to fall back on, the Union government in March advised states to invoke the Epidemic Diseases Act of 1897 to tackle the pandemic in their jurisdictions. The 123-year-old colonial law, however, does not even define what a disease is, let alone an epidemic or a pandemic. Ind

India’s foreign aid to South Asia
Nov 11, 2016

India’s foreign aid to South Asia

Many developing countries have transformed themselves from recipients into aid donors. Foreign aid donor tag is no longer exclusive to developed economies.

India’s foreign intelligence and a need for narrative management
May 18, 2024

India’s foreign intelligence and a need for narrative management

As India’s international stature grows, its intelligence agencies will come under greater scrutiny. The R&AW should institute a PR mechanism to

India’s foreign policy: Assertive in the face of challenges old and new
Dec 30, 2017

India’s foreign policy: Assertive in the face of challenges old and new

As 2017 draws to a close, India can look at the year gone by with some satisfaction even as there might be some trepidation about the coming year.

India’s future choices as the Sino-Indian crisis escalates
Sep 25, 2020

India’s future choices as the Sino-Indian crisis escalates

The Sino-India bilateral relationship has been premised on an understanding that the two nations can move forward on other areas of engagement as the border remains “hot” with military activity. Chinese actions are producing the opposite effect of what was intended, and India is now willing to adopt policies with a strong anti-China orientation.

India’s G20 Agenda: Integrating digital economy and value chains
Dec 03, 2022

India’s G20 Agenda: Integrating digital economy and value chains

Under India’s G20 presidency, India will need to ensure that TIWG and DEWG are closely collaborating, since both the working groups have common obje