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Russia’s increasing dependence on other heavily sanctioned countries like North Korea exposes the Russian defence industry’s inability to meet its
Our 20 most–read expertspeak this year.
The recent election victory of Muizzu indicates that Maldives may lean towards China in the coming years
Though the recent summit failed to meet the expectations regarding Ukraine’s membership, it was able to double down on its commitment to Ukraine in
Biological weapons can come from naturally occurring microbes and viruses; but innovations in genomic editing are opening up new, potentially more threatening avenues for their development. These innovations can cause or spread disease or resist known therapeutic approaches. Addressing such threats of biowarfare requires obtaining reliable and informative taxonomies for the pathogens and timely and effective responses. This, in turn, calls for co
The opposition is right to demand information on the pricing. Providing information on the cost of an aircraft, its engine, missiles, radar warning receivers, radars, does not undermine the country’s security.
India needs to better integrate electronic and cyber warfare into its future defense planning.
India has a need for some 40,000 anti-tank missiles and the 8,000 or so Spike missiles would fill only part of its requirement.
Should India condemn Russia’s invasion of Ukraine as it threatens the global order or should it continue to factor in its core interests?
The absence of a standard formulation on the no-first-use of nuclear weapons in the latest Chinese defence white paper has raised questions about a likely evolution in Beijing's nuclear doctrine.
This paper examines Indian policies and decisions on Iran's nuclear programme and reveals a number of critical factors which have influenced New Delhi on this matter in varying degrees.
A convergence of strategic interests and regular interactions have resulted in one of India’s most dynamic and consequential bilateral relationships
One does not need a historiographer's findings to understand the central problem that the Indian state is facing in its defence procurement in current times. It lies with intentions, structure and accountability.
India's venture into space security, intertwined with defence readiness, necessitates a comprehensive and well-structured national strategy
Without deep structural reform, which includes reducing the size of government and curtailing the expenses on the overbearing and overfed holy cow —
Saudi Arabia's recent $1.5 billion grant to Pakistan re-affirms the depth of the relationship that the two countries share. It has also brought into focus their expanding defence ties and raised concerns about Pakistan's possible role in the Syrian civil war.
क्या नए सेनाध्यक्ष (army chief) की नियुक्ति से पाकिस्तानी फौज और
India is the breakout partner for the US, defying what may once have seemed an improbable relationship.
The Pentagon leaks represent yet another challenge for the Biden administration as it confronts many pressing geopolitical challenges
As the world today looks up to India as a net security provider, Delhi needs to recast its peacekeeping strategy by modernising its decision-making structures, expanding domestic defence capabilities, and strengthening its military diplomacy.
At 96, after eight years of relentless ongoing military reforms, the PLA’s continued investment in reforms implies a seriousness in achieving China�
Considering the importance of the Shangri-La Dialogue and India's declared "Look East" policy, the absence of its Defence Minister A.K. Antony was inexplicable. This was especially so because Mr. Antony was scheduled to be in Singapore a day after the meet, en route to Australia.
The US has placed India in the category of 'closest partners' for defence cooperation. The official spin was that New Delhi would now be on the same footing as the closest allies of the US such as Britain. That may be the endpoint that New Delhi and Washington have decided upon, but it is far from the current reality. Both sides would need to do an enormous amount of work to attain that goal.
Sohini Bose, Ed., “Priorities for Prime Minister Hasina's New Term in Bangladesh,” ORF Special Report No. 225, May 2024, Observer Research Foundation.
Amid all the developments, considerable attention needs to be paid on the appointment of the new CDS in the aftermath of the demise of General Bipin R
A study done in 2010 by Observer Research Foundation for the Integrated Defence Staff, Government of India, Navigating Near: Non Traditional Security Threats to In dia, 2022', highlighted the huge deficiency that India faces and also recommendations to address some of the gaps
In order to offer a convincing defence of retaliatory cyber measures against Pakistan, India requires coordinated planning.
Left-wing extremists, Naxalites of the People's War Group (PWG), have traveled a long away from fielding hand-held, traditional farm tools as weapons. Their sagacity is, indeed, amazing. Perhaps, to state in a lighter vein, they would give a complex to India's defence technologists, if not put them to shame.
The mounting threat posed by North Korea might push South Korea to seek enhanced military assurance from the US or expand its own nuclear capabilities
The political ambitions of a few could potentially derail the Indian defence purchase mechanism for a long time to come. This will delight our nation's adversaries.
This paper follows the proceedings of a workshop organised by ORF in August 2014 to re-examine India's nuclear doctrine. The workshop explored the challenges posed to India by Pakistan's introduction of battlefield nuclear weapons or Tactical Nuclear Weapons (TNWs), New Delhi's interest in acquiring a Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) system, and the growing threat perception from China.
Carter's commitment to deepening defence cooperation with India and Parrikar's determination to recast India's defence structures set the stage for a rebooting of the India-US strategic partnership.
After a decade, officials from India, Japan, Australia and the United States convened in Manila in November 2017 to renew their quadrilateral cooperation in the Indo-Pacific. While the agenda of the quad is still unknown, this paper presents a political-military strategy for the grouping directed at shaping Chinese behaviour in the region. Viewing strategy through the ends-means-ways lens, the paper describes key objectives of dissuasion, deterre
Defence cooperation is the dominant component of the India-US bilateral relationship. India seeks to leverage this aspect in the Indo-Pacific to diversify the scope of nascent plurilaterals, integrate with US frameworks to expand cooperation with regional nations, and consolidate its position as the preeminent partner for extra-regional players. This brief recommends that India take advantage of ongoing development initiatives with the US and ide
The Observer Research Foundation's programme on Defence Procurement Reforms, following a seminar organised in May, 2012, has now moved to the second stage of identifying initiatives that can be taken in the executive and legislative branches. This Paper presents practical recommendations to improve capacities and decision-making methodologies in India's arms procurement system.
The demand for cash that all political parties have to contest elections has been the fountainhead that has created a bureaucratic, military and defence decision-making structure which ensures that we keep running at the same place when it comes to creating a vibrant military industry complex in the country.
The upcoming visit by President al-Sisi provides an opportunity to boost relations between India and Egypt
Pessimism towards a foreseeable settlement of the India-China border dispute is not unfounded. At the political level, there is a "trust deficit" which impedes cooperation. Despite the existence of multi-tiered mechanisms to facilitate resolution, there has hardly been any progress on the issue in recent years. This paper identifies the obstacles and explores how a peaceful settlement of the India-China border dispute could be arrived at in the f
A global arms race and geopolitical pressures are shaping the military use of AI
An examination of the prospects for al-Qaeda following the US drawdown in Afghanistan and the likely threats which the region, and India in particular, might face in the future. A supplementary scrutiny of ISIS, and the group's possible expansion in the region, is also proffered.
With elections in progress we find that our choices are extremely limited.
The absence of oversight mechanisms to curtail misuse of technologies by the State carry big risks for the citizens
