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Libya: A failed State
Dec 18, 2014

Libya: A failed State

Since the overthrow of the regime of Colonel Muammar Gaddafi in 2011, Libya has been plagued by violence and instability. Internecine fighting for power seems be the new norm in Libya, and the country has gradually slipped into a quagmire of civil war.

Life after American raids on Pak posts
Dec 06, 2011

Life after American raids on Pak posts

The United States wants a higher strategic relationship with India, which does not include agreeing with Indian views on Pakistan. Our participation in the Bonn conference should bear this in mind.

Like Sisyphus, gold mountain too high to scale
Nov 09, 2015

Like Sisyphus, gold mountain too high to scale

The NDA Government has launched a fresh gold monetisation scheme, but skeptics aren't convinced that this will succeed where others in the past have failed abysmally. Till the scheme is made much more lucrative and perhaps mandatory in some form, it is doubtful that this scheme will perform better than the earlier ones.

Locating India and Taiwan in the EU’s Geostrategic Adjustment
Jul 20, 2023

Locating India and Taiwan in the EU’s Geostrategic Adjustment

China’s failure to condemn the Ukraine war raised concerns on the future of the rules-based international order not only in the European Union (EU), but also in India and Taiwan. While their respective relationships with China and Russia are characterised by different complexities, the EU, India, and Taiwan are all vulnerable to authoritarian threats. All three recognise that China’s continued rise will have strategic implications for

Loose Nukes in Russia: A Catastrophe Waiting to Happen
Nov 23, 2003

Loose Nukes in Russia: A Catastrophe Waiting to Happen

A nightmare scenario facing the world today is that of nuclear weapons in the possession of terrorists. As US President George Bush remarked during his recent UK trip, ¿the greatest threat of our age is nuclear, chemical, or biological weapons in the hands of terrorists.¿ Terrorist groups, as they have proved time and again in the past with conventional weapons

Madrid summit against Terrorism
Mar 05, 2005

Madrid summit against Terrorism

To mark the first anniversary of the spectacular terrorist strikes in Madrid by jihadi terrorists with definite sympathy for Al Qaeda, even if not satisfactorily proved links to it, the city is hosting what has been projected as an International Summit on Democracy, Terrorism and Security from March 8 to 10 to discuss, inter alia, the causes and the underlying factors of terrorism, methods of confronting it and the democratic responses available

Maiden Test for India’s Agni-5 MIRV Missile
Mar 27, 2024

Maiden Test for India’s Agni-5 MIRV Missile

MIRV is a complex technology, and India’s test this week puts it among a small group of countries that have managed to develop it.

Mainstreaming Ecosystem-Based Adaptation in India
Feb 21, 2025

Mainstreaming Ecosystem-Based Adaptation in India

Ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA), recognised for its cost-effective and co-beneficial advantages, is seeing a global uptake. However, the number and scale of EbA projects remain limited compared to the opportunities offered by India’s diverse ecosystems and indigenous practices. While lack of funding is a direct cause, the small scale of existing EbA projects also fails to attract funding. Breaking this cycle requires addressing other mechanism

Mainstreaming Gender in India-Africa Partnership for Energy Access
Jul 05, 2021

Mainstreaming Gender in India-Africa Partnership for Energy Access

The seventh of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aims to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all by 2030. This challenge is acute in the African continent, home to large populations without access to electricity and clean cooking fuel. This brief explores the scope for cooperation between India and Africa in not only achieving SDG 7, but while doing so, also considering the targets set by SDG 5 to

Mainstreaming sustainability outcomes in big infrastructure projects
May 13, 2020

Mainstreaming sustainability outcomes in big infrastructure projects

Urban infrastructure projects using brownfield or greenfield development can cause damage to natural habitats. To achieve the Agenda 2030 goal of “leaving no one behind” while mitigating the destruction of habitats, an integrated approach towards infrastructure development must be adopted. This paper outlines the current paradigms of sustainable infrastructure provision, highlighting how and why sustainability outcomes are overlooked at diffe

Maintaining animosity with India will be too costly for Pakistan
Jul 09, 2012

Maintaining animosity with India will be too costly for Pakistan

The absence of a clear centre of power in Pakistan raises a serious question mark on the ability of the government in Islamabad to execute any agreement with India in letter and spirit.

Making air pollution an issue of governance
Nov 18, 2019

Making air pollution an issue of governance

The first week of November 2019 saw the worst smog and pollution levels in Delhi in three years; flights were turned away and schools were kept closed. These recorded levels of pollution, however, fit a pattern and are not totally unexpected. While the Delhi government showed some signs of being forewarned—announcing the rationing of vehicles on the road according to the odd and even scheme, and promising to distribute over five million masks�

Making climate action count: Mainstreaming gender in climate action to accelerate climate compatible development
Nov 06, 2018

Making climate action count: Mainstreaming gender in climate action to accelerate climate compatible development

The first universal, legally binding global climate accord signed at the 21st session of the Conference of Parties (COP) in Paris in 2015 committed to long-term goals for “holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.” However, as world leaders prepare for the Facilitative Dialogue (FD) ahead o

Making Mithi, A River Again
May 20, 2011

Making Mithi, A River Again

An ORF study report on the neglect of the Mumbai river Mithi, and how it can be reclaimed effectively was jointly released by Mr. Suresh Prabhu, former Union Minister of Environment and Forests, and Mr. Rajendra Singh, the Ramon Magsaysay Award winner and a noted water activist.

Making mountains out of molehills
Feb 26, 2018

Making mountains out of molehills

The military must only follow orders and do what it is told. “Charge of the Light Brigade” as a concept has no validity in this day and age.

Maldives at it again: Courts, protests, arrests
Feb 24, 2015

Maldives at it again: Courts, protests, arrests

Prime Minister Modi is scheduled to visit Maldives in mid-March as part of the first-ever four-nation southern Indian Ocean trip by any Indian leader. The greater success and long-term achievement of the visit, will depend also on how it all goes and goes down well just now.

Maldives: A Mini Ukraine in the Making?
Dec 20, 2004

Maldives: A Mini Ukraine in the Making?

That is the question large sections of the people of the Republic of Maldives have been raising as the small country in the Indian Ocean gets ready for the elections to its Parliament (Majlis), which are due to take place on December 31. While the Indian media and analysts have been devoting considerable attention to the coming re-poll (December 26) to elect the next President of Ukraine in order to see whether the elections there would be free a

Maldives: Airport row can put off other investors too
Sep 21, 2012

Maldives: Airport row can put off other investors too

The sudden and inexplicable way in which an 'investor-row' involving the Indian infrastructure group, GMR, is getting a new twist in recent days in Maldives, if unchecked, has the potential to rock the bilateral relations.

Maldives: COVID19 brings out best again in India relations
Apr 09, 2020

Maldives: COVID19 brings out best again in India relations

If the COVID19 situation does not reverse and dramatically so over a short term, India may have to redouble its current efforts and also increase supplies.

Maldives: Decision on 'US military base' may have to wait
Jun 03, 2013

Maldives: Decision on 'US military base' may have to wait

Notwithstanding the recent media leaks on a 'US military base' in Maldives, a decision on whatever that facility be, may have to wait until after the parliamentary polls of May 2014, not stopping with the presidential elections due in September this year.

Maldives: Political scene hots up again
Mar 06, 2013

Maldives: Political scene hots up again

After a week of relative lull on the political front, Maldivian politics revved up on March 5, after the police detained former President Mohammed Nasheed, for production before the Hulhumale' court.

Maldives: Reconciliation hopes remain despite cancellation of third-round talks
Jul 10, 2015

Maldives: Reconciliation hopes remain despite cancellation of third-round talks

In Maldives, despite a last-minute 'cancellation' of the third round of talks between the Government and the MDP leader of the combined Opposition, there is nothing to suggest that the current reconciliation process has derailed, irrecoverably.

Maldives: SEZs are here but concerns remain
Sep 12, 2014

Maldives: SEZs are here but concerns remain

In an ambitious legislative move aimed at attracting big-time investments spread across the archipelago, the Maldivian Government of President Abdulla Yameen has got the Parliament to pass a new law for setting up Special Economic Zones (SEZs).

Maldives: Will Nasheed pull it off again in the run-off?
Sep 09, 2013

Maldives: Will Nasheed pull it off again in the run-off?

In the Maldives presidential polls run-off on September 28, an additional percentage point or two could make the difference to the results in a way. A deduction in that figure could make any second-round prediction even more complex and complicated.

Managing Expectations: Explainable A.I. and its Military Implications
Aug 16, 2023

Managing Expectations: Explainable A.I. and its Military Implications

The rapid uptake of artificial intelligence (AI) in the military in the past couple decades has been accompanied by a slow but gradual build-up in attempts to understand how these AI systems work to achieve better results in military operations. The idea behind what is called ‘eXplainable AI’ (XAI), and the technologies driving it, are a manifestation of this trend. The question, however, is if XAI in its current form is the solution

Managing new actors in the space domain
Jun 29, 2019

Managing new actors in the space domain

New entrants in the Indo-Pacific offer both opportunities and challenges for outer space.