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26/11: A Decade After
Dec 09, 2018

26/11: A Decade After

ORF examines the causes and consequences of the 26/11 attacks in this volume of articles (click thumbnail above) that focus on the multiple dimensions of this crisis and its aftermath: strategic, operational and tactical.

26/11: A decade after
Dec 09, 2018

26/11: A decade after

ORF examines the causes and consequences of the 26/11 attacks in this volume of articles (click thumbnail above) that focus on the multiple dimensions of this crisis and its aftermath: strategic, operational and tactical.

50 shades of America’s China experts
May 14, 2020

50 shades of America’s China experts

Not much has been heard, especially from the large number of China “believers,” who helped perpetuate the notion China was liberalising, that it w

60 years of the Elysee Treaty: What next for Franco-German engine
Jan 31, 2023

60 years of the Elysee Treaty: What next for Franco-German engine

Diverging interests have placed France and Germany at odds. Would the Franco-German partnership help steer Europe out of its current crisis?

A Divided ‘Visegrad Four’ Navigates Relations with the European Union
Oct 03, 2023

A Divided ‘Visegrad Four’ Navigates Relations with the European Union

The Visegrad Four (V4) countries—Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary—are examples of communist states that have transitioned to liberal and democratic governance systems. In recent years, their visibility in the European Union (EU) has surged due to their contrarian positions on certain critical issues facing the Union, such as mass migration and, since 2022, the conflict in Ukraine. This paper analyses the impact of these trend

A double-edged sword: China’s model of development partnerships & the Indo-Pacific
Jul 11, 2023

A double-edged sword: China’s model of development partnerships & the Indo-Pacific

With the launch of its Global Development Initiative in 2021, China is looking to recalibrate and redefine its outlook towards development cooperation

A European Malaise
Jul 05, 2023

A European Malaise

Far-right parties are on the march in Europe as identity issues become complicated and traditional values are seen as under attack

A fiscal council for India
Jan 27, 2023

A fiscal council for India

Would setting up an autonomous fiscal council outside the control of the government work in the Indian context?

A Quad 2.0 Agenda for Critical and Emerging Technologies
Sep 24, 2021

A Quad 2.0 Agenda for Critical and Emerging Technologies

With the Quad Critical and Emerging Technology Working Group established, it is affirmed that the “Spirit of Quad” has widened its horizons to inc

A sneeze, a global cold and testing times for China
Feb 03, 2020

A sneeze, a global cold and testing times for China

For Beijing, the coronavirus outbreak is more than a health crisis; it is a credibility challenge, domestically and globally.

A strategic compass guides the India-Australia trade deal
Apr 08, 2022

A strategic compass guides the India-Australia trade deal

The two countries’ geopolitical compulsions, especially regarding containing china in the indo-pacific, have translated into closer trade ties

A Supply Chain Resilience Agenda for the Quad
Sep 24, 2021

A Supply Chain Resilience Agenda for the Quad

India could spearhead Quad’s Supply chain resilience Agenda by becoming the next economic pivot with the support of other members, by enhancing its

A ‘Zeitenwende’ in the India-Germany relationship
Mar 08, 2023

A ‘Zeitenwende’ in the India-Germany relationship

Amidst geopolitical shifts and multipolarity, New Delhi’s ties with Berlin could be vital in shaping a new global order

Afghanistan: It isn’t just about the girls
Feb 17, 2022

Afghanistan: It isn’t just about the girls

Lending de-facto legitimacy to the Taliban in Afghanistan will not ensure that the regime behaves like a responsible government and world actor

After presidential poll, Maldives hard hit by economic realities
Oct 16, 2023

After presidential poll, Maldives hard hit by economic realities

How Maldives controls its spiralling economic issues under the new leadership remains to be seen

Agenda for Economic Reform P. N. DHARI. G. PATELM NARASIMHAMR. N. MALHOTRA
Jun 24, 2021

Agenda for Economic Reform P. N. DHARI. G. PATELM NARASIMHAMR. N. MALHOTRA

ndia was facing a massive balance of payment crisis when the Observer Research Foundation released a document, ‘Agenda for Economic Reform’, on 1 July 1991. The Agenda outlined the reasons for the crisis and recommended a broad strategy to enable the country to overcome it. As India marks 30 years since the start of widespread reforms that opened up the economy, ORF revisits the recommendations outlined in the document.

America’s sectoral sanctions are against the Syrians
Feb 15, 2021

America’s sectoral sanctions are against the Syrians

Since America passed the Caesar Act which threatens sanctions on any third country that invests in Syria, countries have placed their plans to rebuild

Analysing China on Ukraine
Mar 31, 2022

Analysing China on Ukraine

Will China take advantage of the window of opportunity provided by the Ukraine crisis?

Andhra turmoil: Only Telangana creation can help
Jul 16, 2011

Andhra turmoil: Only Telangana creation can help

The Andhra crisis illustrates the inability of the UPA government to arrive at a decision in respect of the Telangana problem. This attitude of drift has been noticed for well over 50 years. And the Centre has shown little understanding while handling with socio-political issues of Telugu speaking districts of the erstwhile Madras Presidency.

Antony's term as defence minister has been mired in scandals, missed opportunities
Jun 24, 2013

Antony's term as defence minister has been mired in scandals, missed opportunities

It is an unfortunate fact that India usually commits itself to reform after it is hit by a crisis. That is why the two periods of reform and restructuring followed the 1962 defeat at the hands of the Chinese and the Kargil war.

As India and Islamabad unite on peace, it's time to put our faith in diplomacy
Sep 23, 2013

As India and Islamabad unite on peace, it's time to put our faith in diplomacy

Now that BJP PM candidate Narendra Modi is approaching what could possibly be the pinnacle of his career, the last thing he wants is to box himself in by his own rhetoric. It is for this reason that in his Haryana speech, he also invoked Atal Bihari Vajpayee's policy, which used the Kargil crisis to get the world community to pin down Pakistan on avoiding the use of violence in relation to Kashmir.

As Myanmar spirals out of control, India must use its clout
Aug 09, 2023

As Myanmar spirals out of control, India must use its clout

Despite being on the backfoot as the country’s civil war intensifies, the military regime is showing no interest in a democratic transition that may be the country’s only hope. India must explore various options for a peaceful resolution to the crisis and provide humanitarian assistance to displaced people

As prospects of arms control wane, the rise of nuclear risks
Mar 10, 2022

As prospects of arms control wane, the rise of nuclear risks

Whichever way the conflict ends, one outcome is clear: Nuclear weapons are here to stay and any prospects for nuclear arms control and nuclear disarmament have receded further.

ASEAN’s evolving posture towards Myanmar
Jan 20, 2022

ASEAN’s evolving posture towards Myanmar

Cambodia’s recent visit to Myanmar has triggered global criticism. Would Cambodia as the new ASEAN Chair be able to maintain ASEAN unity in the face

Assad's Troops Close In On Foreign Mercenaries
Feb 20, 2012

Assad's Troops Close In On Foreign Mercenaries

A feature of the Syrian crisis which must please those ostensibly seeking the regime's ouster is that it is turning out to be a long drawn one. So long drawn, in fact, that the world is beginning to develop an amnesia about the Palestinian issue.

Assessing the 36th African Union Summit
Mar 07, 2023

Assessing the 36th African Union Summit

Never before has Africa been led by such a tiny island country, and therefore, it brings a tide of change and focuses perhaps on the problems of small

Bad news for Musharraf
Feb 03, 2005

Bad news for Musharraf

Pakistan President Pervez Musharraf, in his five years as the martial law administrator, has never faced challenges of the magnitude he is grappling with now. Internally, Pakistan is faced with a crisis on many fronts. Despite a stable Government for over five years, and scores of promises, there is no sign of democracy.

Bangladesh economy: Strong points and red flags
Dec 09, 2022

Bangladesh economy: Strong points and red flags

Bangladesh’s depleting forex reserves, falling remittances, high level of inflation, and an impending energy crisis among others are haunting its fu

Bangladesh: Will the new cabinet overcome the political deadlock?
Nov 25, 2013

Bangladesh: Will the new cabinet overcome the political deadlock?

Politics in Bangladesh got a new twist this week following the formation of a new poll time government. The main purpose behind the formation of this government was to ease up the political crisis regarding the nature of government to supervise the general elections.

Being optimistic about India
Apr 29, 2022

Being optimistic about India

The Ukrainian crisis has negatively impacted the Indian economy, but the rising global demand and domestic fiscal management could help cushion the bl

Between a rock and a hard place: African position on the Russia–Ukraine conflict
Mar 11, 2022

Between a rock and a hard place: African position on the Russia–Ukraine conflict

Equivocal sentiments emanate from African countries on their stance on voting for the UN resolution demanding withdrawal of Russian troops from Ukrai

Beyond summits, Quad must deliver quickly
May 28, 2022

Beyond summits, Quad must deliver quickly

It seized the moment to create a front against China. But long-term sustenance will depend on timeliness of delivery

Biden’s State of the Union Speech: An inward orientation reinforced
Mar 08, 2022

Biden’s State of the Union Speech: An inward orientation reinforced

 Biden's State of the Union Address tilted more towards addressing US’ domestic issues as opposed to global issues such as the Ukrainian crisis and

BIMSTEC in 2022: A search for relevance
Mar 29, 2022

BIMSTEC in 2022: A search for relevance

The changing dynamics of the world order could provide BIMSTEC the opportunity to expand beyond the South Asian region

Blackouts in South Asia: Revisiting Power Policy Debates in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka
Nov 09, 2022

Blackouts in South Asia: Revisiting Power Policy Debates in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka

The growing power crisis in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka compels these nations to rethink their future energy landscape and policies

Boris Johnson’s India visit: Prioritising bilateral agendas over timing
Apr 21, 2022

Boris Johnson’s India visit: Prioritising bilateral agendas over timing

Despite differing positions on the Ukraine crisis, both the countries are choosing to prioritise their bilateral relations 

Bracing for a Manic Monday
May 16, 2023

Bracing for a Manic Monday

The crisis of the state in Pakistan is only getting worse.

BRICS pushes the IMF to reform
Jul 20, 2012

BRICS pushes the IMF to reform

The recent G-20 Summit in Los Cabos, Mexico, featured a pivotal change in the geopolitics of international finance. Emerging economies contributed billions to an emergency IMF (International Monetary Fund) fund designed to provide additional support to the Eurozone nations in case the debt crisis worsens.

BRICS’ reserve currency: An attempt to reduce the dollar's dominance?
Sep 01, 2022

BRICS’ reserve currency: An attempt to reduce the dollar's dominance?

Whilst Russia and China are leading de-dollarisation initiatives due to their geopolitical rivalry with the US, India, Brazil, and South Africa have s

Bridging the gaping holes in public policy
Jul 08, 2022

Bridging the gaping holes in public policy

As multiple curve balls hit in the form of the pandemic and the Ukraine crisis, the government would have to help recover the economic damages rendere

Bridging the global gender chasm in 2024: Need for more steam?
Feb 03, 2024

Bridging the global gender chasm in 2024: Need for more steam?

Due to unprecedented global crises, progress in bridging the gender divide has stagnated

Bridging Water Demand and Supply Gap in Delhi
Jun 24, 2020

Bridging Water Demand and Supply Gap in Delhi

In this article, the situation of water supply and disposal in Delhi is described. The analysis reveals that Delhi government is lagging behind in ser

Brief assessment of China's National People's Congress
Mar 30, 2009

Brief assessment of China's National People's Congress

The 2nd session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) was held in Beijing from Mar 5-13, 2009, the first session after the onset of the global economic crisis

Budget for the Future
Feb 02, 2022

Budget for the Future

Budget 2022-23 has focused on long term gains as opposed to short term measures

Building a BIMSTEC agenda for counterterrorism
Nov 28, 2017

Building a BIMSTEC agenda for counterterrorism

Member states of the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) continue to grapple with a host of security issues, including the burgeoning ISIS threat and the humanitarian crisis in Myanmar. In the recent months, the region has witnessed the immense social, political, economic and geo-strategic implications of terrorism and displacement. BIMSTEC’s counterterrorism initiatives must therefore be scr