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Open Letter to Senator Edward Kennedy
Jun 27, 2005

Open Letter to Senator Edward Kennedy

I am addressing this open letter not only to you, but also to other members of the US Congress, who have expressed their concern over the course of the US-led war against international terrorism in Iraq and have started suggesting, if not demanding, the withdrawal of the US troops from there.

ORF TRUSTEE HONOURED WITH NATIONAL LAW DAY AWARD
Dec 03, 2007

ORF TRUSTEE HONOURED WITH NATIONAL LAW DAY AWARD

Mr. Lalit Bhasin, Trustee, Observer Research Foundation, and one of the senior-most lawyers of the Supreme Court, has been bestowed with the National Law Day Award for his "Outstanding Contribution to the Development of the Legal Profession in India and for his deep involvement and engagement in the maintenance of the highest standards at the Bar".

Pakistan trending towards collapse
Oct 28, 2014

Pakistan trending towards collapse

Since 1991, India has pursued a policy of engaging Pakistan, regardless of what the latter has thrown at us - bombs, terror assaults, fedayeen. Maybe the time has come to change course ? not by reaching out to the military or taking recourse to tit-for-tat covert war. But by encouraging the peaceful breakup of Pakistan.

Pakistan's War on Terror: A Question of Skill, or Will?
Apr 30, 2011

Pakistan's War on Terror: A Question of Skill, or Will?

A reasonably objective assessment of Pakistan's War on Terror can only begin with acknowledging two facts. First, there has been an unprecedented level of terrorist violence in Pakistan for the past three years.

Pakistan, post-Peshawar
Feb 27, 2015

Pakistan, post-Peshawar

After the horrific attack on the Army Public School in Peshawar in December last year by Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) militants, Pakistan is trying to crack down on militancy in the country.

Peshawar massacre: What now?
Dec 22, 2014

Peshawar massacre: What now?

The Peshawar attack offers the Pakistan leadership a corner to turn around - it only needs to first define who is a terrorist? But is the military and civilian leadership of Pakistan capable, and willing, to take on the terrorist groups, especially TTP? The rhetoric and actions on the part of the leadership raise serious doubts about the will.

Policymaking Towards Green Mobility in India
Oct 12, 2020

Policymaking Towards Green Mobility in India

Government agencies at the city, state and central level are paying greater attention to sustainable transport as the way forward for India’s mobility sector. However, for sustainability measures to have lasting outcomes in policy and practice, institutional reforms are urgently needed. The National Urban Transport Policy, which governs India’s urban mobility policymaking, was amended in 2014 to create city-specific, low-carbon mobility solut

Post-war Sri Lanka and politics in India
Sep 09, 2011

Post-war Sri Lanka and politics in India

Two years after the conclusion of the ethnic war in Sri Lanka, the nation is still confused over reactions from across the Palk Strait to the current developments - or, lack of them - on the prospects of power devolution and a political solution, also encompassing rehabilitation and reconstruction issues.

Post-War Sri Lanka: A Resurgent Nation
Jul 12, 2010

Post-War Sri Lanka: A Resurgent Nation

South Asia comprises of eight countries-Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Except for India and to an extent, Pakistan given our obsession with it, we know very little about other countries of South Asia.

Prepare for war in the East China Sea
Dec 17, 2013

Prepare for war in the East China Sea

The Chinese say that their interests in the East China Sea are what bother them the most because of their proximity to the Chinese heartland. The South China Sea, they insist, is not a problem area of the same dimension. Beijing's unambiguous goal is to isolate Japan, divide the ASEAN and befuddle the United States.

Preparing for the Future: The Need for India to Develop Hybrid Warfare Capabilities
Apr 17, 2023

Preparing for the Future: The Need for India to Develop Hybrid Warfare Capabilities

Hybrid warfare is an emerging global challenge, with military and non-military elements. This has given rise to the need to develop national capabilities to combat amorphous adversaries by utilising intelligence, information, cyber, electronic, conventional, and unconventional warfare techniques. This paper discusses the nuances of hybrid warfare, explores the hybrid warfare capabilities of India’s key adversaries (Pakistan and China),

Promoting Menstrual Health: Towards Sexual and Reproductive Health for All
Feb 10, 2023

Promoting Menstrual Health: Towards Sexual and Reproductive Health for All

There is evidence that sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is strongly linked to menstrual health and hygiene (MHH). Yet globally, governments, policymakers, and non-government organisations (NGOs) fail to include MHH in their SRH agenda. This brief examines the most crucial evidence linking MHH and SRH, and offers a framework to underline the imperative of pushing MHH into the mainstream of India’s SRH agenda. It argues that gaps in t

Proxy war between Iran and Israel heats up
Dec 07, 2020

Proxy war between Iran and Israel heats up

The attackers are yet to be identified. The Iranian dissident organisation Mujahedin-e-Khalq has cropped up as a possible perpetrator that mounted this assassination.

Public Awareness on Antimicrobial Resistance: Results of a Community-Based Survey and Implications for Policy
May 04, 2022

Public Awareness on Antimicrobial Resistance: Results of a Community-Based Survey and Implications for Policy

Knowledge assessment is essential to policymaking, including for health. This report measures awareness of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance, and finds crucial gaps in understanding on many issues. In a survey among visitors to a science museum in Kolkata, the authors found, for example, more than six of every 10 respondents (67 percent) believing that antibiotics can be used to treat viral infections. This report highlights the need to de

Public-Private partnership way forward for engineering education
Aug 21, 2008

Public-Private partnership way forward for engineering education

Some of the country's most prominent scientists, academicians, policy makers and industry leaders have pledged to come together to explore ways to strengthen research-oriented higher studies in engineering education in India. At a panel discussion on 'India's Leadership in Manufacturing: Role of Engineering Education' organised by the Observer Research Foundation (ORF), India's leading

Quad takes another step forward
Feb 24, 2022

Quad takes another step forward

Though there are lingering differences within the group, the need to counter China’s challenge is an area of converging interest.

Rajeswari Pillai Rajagopalan

Dr Rajeswari (Raji) Pillai Rajagopalan was the Director of the Centre for Security, Strategy and Technology (CSST) at the Observer Research Foundation, New Delhi.  Dr Rajagopalan was the Technical Advisor to the United Nations Group of Governmental Experts (GGE) on Prevention of Arms Race in Outer Space (PAROS) (July 2018-July 2019).  She was also a Non-Resident Indo-Pacific Fellow at the Perth USAsia Centre from April-December 2020.  As a senior Asia defence writer for The Diplomat, she writes a weekly column on Asian strategic issues.

Dr Rajagopalan joined ORF after a five-year stint at the National Security Council Secretariat (2003-2007), Government of India, where she was an Assistant Director.  Prior to joining the NSCS, she was Research Officer at the Institute of Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi.  She was also a Visiting Professor at the Graduate Institute of International Politics, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan in 2012.

Dr Rajagopalan has authored or edited nine books including Global Nuclear Security: Moving Beyond the NSS (2018), Space Policy 2.0 (2017), Nuclear Security in India (2015), Clashing Titans: Military Strategy and Insecurity among Asian Great Powers (2012), The Dragon's Fire: Chinese Military Strategy and Its Implications for Asia (2009).  She has published research essays in edited volumes, and in peer reviewed journals such as India Review, Strategic Studies Quarterly, Air and Space Power Journal, International Journal of Nuclear Law and Strategic Analysis.  She has also contributed essays to newspapers such as The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, Times of India, and The Economic Times.  She has been invited to speak at international fora including the United Nations Disarmament Forum (New York), the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) (Vienna), Conference on Disarmament (Geneva), ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) and the European Union.

Follow Dr Rajagopalan’s personal blog here.

RCEP: India should tread warily on free trade treaty
Oct 31, 2019

RCEP: India should tread warily on free trade treaty

India has to weigh carefully the gains to be had from signing the treaty, which may mean making itself vulnerable to having its markets inundated with Chinese goods.

RCEP: The best way forward for Modi's 'Act East' Policy
Jan 06, 2015

RCEP: The best way forward for Modi's 'Act East' Policy

In the light of the fact that India is not a member of the Trans-Pacific Partnership, it is important for the country to forge a deal in RCEP. In the current scenario, there have been increasing attempts by Indo-Pacific region members to voice growing concerns regarding Non Tariff barriers hindering trade prospects in the regional bloc.

Ready With A  Long Rope - India has not learnt from its mistaken policies towards Pakistan
Aug 18, 2010

Ready With A Long Rope - India has not learnt from its mistaken policies towards Pakistan

The July 15 talks in Islamabad between the foreign ministers of India and Pakistan ended badly for many reasons. India has been putting itself at a disadvantage diplomatically by showing too much eagerness to restart the dialogue with Pakistan.

Restructure the forces before buying hardware
Mar 03, 2015

Restructure the forces before buying hardware

Before the Government plunges into the physical modernisation of the armed forces, it needs to put in place the much needed modernisation of the way we think about, plan and manage our national security system. Buying or making shiny new hardware for the sake of looking modern neither enhances our security, nor helps our economy.

Revival of BIMSTEC: A step forward for the Bay of Bengal community
Sep 09, 2018

Revival of BIMSTEC: A step forward for the Bay of Bengal community

Often the success of a summit is weighed from the number of deals signed during it, and in the present summit, only a Memorandum of Understanding on BIMSTEC Grid Interconnection was signed, giving reason to doubt the jubilation about the summit. A closer view of the summit suggests more than one reason to be optimistic.

Right climate to take forward India-Sri Lanka relations
Feb 18, 2012

Right climate to take forward India-Sri Lanka relations

Given the increasing investment climate in post-war Sri Lanka and the growing Indian economy, the mood and climate are now just right for India-Sri Lanka relations to move forward even more, according to the outgoing Deputy High Commissioner of Sri Lanka.

Right decisions towards healing processes in Kashmir
Nov 21, 2014

Right decisions towards healing processes in Kashmir

Army's decision to acknowledge a mistake in the killing of two young men in Budgam earlier this month, and the sentence to the Rajput regiment personnel, are an important first step. The people know that we cannot turn back time or get back their loved ones, but an acknowledgement of the truth of what happened helps in the healing process.

Risk or Reward? – The Impact of Private Security Contractors and Militias in Afghanistan
Aug 17, 2013

Risk or Reward? – The Impact of Private Security Contractors and Militias in Afghanistan

To supplement the still lagging Afghan and ISAF security capabilities, alternative structures have been used or created, especially in rural or hard-to-reach areas. Two important groups among these are private security contractors (PSCs) and 'community defence' organisations or local militias. This paper assesses the impact of these entities on Afghan stability. Beginning March 19, 2003, the United States invaded Iraq, drawing both material an

Rouhani and the Arab Gulf: Towards reconciliation?
Aug 09, 2013

Rouhani and the Arab Gulf: Towards reconciliation?

New Iranian President Hassan Rouhani's emphasis on political moderation and ending Iran's isolation is drawing attention to the potential reconciliation between Tehran and some of its Arab Gulf neighbours. He has also raised hopes for a productive engagement between Tehran and the West.

Russia-China strategic alliance gets a new boost with missile early warning system
Oct 28, 2019

Russia-China strategic alliance gets a new boost with missile early warning system

The development is the latest indicator that the bilateral relationship is getting stronger.

Russia-Ukraine war has entered a period of attrition
Mar 21, 2023

Russia-Ukraine war has entered a period of attrition

The US-led backers of Ukraine are facing a dilemma — arm Kiev quickly, or take time to train Ukrainian forces

Russia’s Low-Risk, High-Reward Strategy for its Return to Africa
Oct 12, 2023

Russia’s Low-Risk, High-Reward Strategy for its Return to Africa

Africa has become essential to Russia’s geostrategic posture as Moscow seeks to overcome the backlash to its invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. However, in the face of isolation and a contracting economy, Russia has realised that cultivating an entry point in Africa through conventional means such as foreign direct investment (FDI), trade, development assistance, or cultural and educational exchanges may not be its best option. Instead, Mosc

Russia’s tilt towards Asia and its implications for India
Apr 09, 2019

Russia’s tilt towards Asia and its implications for India

Russia has always been actively involved with European politics. Its genesis in Kiev—close to the European borders—allowed it to participate in the affairs of the continent. Although Russia’s geographic expanse has been more in Asia, Russian political elites have traditionally identified the country as a European entity. However, following attempts at integrating with the transatlantic economic and political system during the first decade o

Sanctions as a Weapon of War: The European Experience
Dec 09, 2022

Sanctions as a Weapon of War: The European Experience

The Russia-Ukraine war has raged for over 10 months now, and the expectation of an easy Russian walkover over Ukraine has been belied. The war is witnessing strong and determined resistance from the Ukrainian forces, with the support of Western countries through arms and other forms of aid, and sanctions against Russia. This report explores how sanctions are used in modern diplomacy and warfare, and their impact on the Ukraine war and the global

Saving Major Gogoi from armchair warriors
May 30, 2017

Saving Major Gogoi from armchair warriors

Protagonists from opposing sides hold vehemently divergent views on the issue.

Sharad Pawar's Move:  NCP's Growth or Decline?
Jul 17, 2010

Sharad Pawar's Move: NCP's Growth or Decline?

Union Agriculture Minister Sharad Pawar made two intelligent moves this month. The timing is perfect, but the move can go in any direction. It may either mark the decline of the NCP or contribute to spreading of his party beyond Maharashtra.