Climate, Crops, and Communities: Strengthening the Water–Food–Energy Nexus in the Global South

Climate change threatens agricultural productivity and food security, with global Total Factor Productivity (TFP) in agriculture down 20% and up to 35% in hotter regions like Brazil and India. The effects are particularly acute for smallholder farmers and marginalised rural communities, who often lack access to irrigation, insurance, and financing, leaving them disproportionately exposed to climate shocks. Building resilient food systems is therefore not only a matter of climate adaptation but also a cornerstone of poverty reduction and sustainable development. This session will explore Brazil’s leadership in sustainable agriculture and India’s climate-smart farming practices, such as the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture. Discussions will focus on regenerative farming, climate-resilient value chains, and inclusive policies to ensure food security and rural livelihoods.