National Security Dialogue | Strengthening India's Biological and Chemical Weapons Security

Biological and chemical weapons (BCWs) continue to pose significant threats to global national security, human health, and stability, with their potential for catastrophic consequences. In India, the growing concerns of urbanisation, population density, public health infrastructure, and national security make the threat of BCWs particularly alarming. India’s strategic vulnerabilities arise from state and non-state actors who may possess the capability to develop or deploy such weapons and the evolving threats posed by non-state actors, including terrorist organisations.

While India is a signatory to international treaties such as the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) and the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), there are still challenges in biological and chemical research acquisition, strengthening response mechanisms, and ensuring the country’s readiness to manage the impact of BCW-induced attacks. Moreover, rapid advancements in biotechnology and fine chemical technology, many of which have dual-use applications, raise the risk of misuse.

This roundtable discussion will explore India’s preparations to combat the BCW threat, the roles of various national security agencies, and the steps required to enhance the country’s resilience. Considering its domestic challenges and constraints, the event will also address India’s responsibilities in global non- proliferation.

Programme