Search

आज़ादी के बाद से ही भू-राजनीति की वजह से बुरी तरह बंटी हुई दुनिया में तमाम देशों के साथ साझेदारी करना भारतीय कूटनीति की एक ख़ूबी रही है. भारत और रूस के संबंधों का फ़ायदा न केव�

व्यापार युद्ध आणि आर्थिक पुनर्रचना जवळ येत असताना, या बदलत्या परिस्थितीत भारताचे यश हे स्वायत्ततेसह सहकार्याचा समतोल साधण्याच्या क्षमतेवर अवलंबून असेल.

स्वातंत्र्यापासूनच भारतीय कूटनीतीची ही खासियत राहिली आहे की ती भू-राजकीयदृष्ट्या विभागलेल्या देशांशी प्रभावी भागीदारी साधू शकते. भारत आणि रशियाचे संबंध केवळ या दोन दे�

Russian President Vladimir Putin is scheduled to visit India in December 2025. The outcomes of the annual leaders’ summit will be largely determined by how India untangles the trade spat with the United States.

This report examines how India can move from ad-hoc responses to a more reliable system for financing high-cost therapies for rare diseases. It reviews the policy and financing architecture being built around the National Policy for Rare Diseases (2021), including Central support, state responsibilities, tax and duty relief, and the government’s crowdfunding portal. It finds that these elements still do not add up to a predictable pathway for e

The expansion of BRICS in 2023 has infused a new energy into the grouping. Despite certain rivalries, BRICS members still largely tend towards cooperation on issues of development and economic growth. The grouping now accounts for 40 percent of global trade. This report explores areas of cooperation for BRICS members in the domains of trade and investment. It identifies vulnerabilities in current supply chains, including connectivity, scarce raw

The primary structural problem of salaries and pension squeezing fiscal space for capital acquisition remains. However, the pattern of allocation on armaments sends a clear signal that the domestic industrial complex is prioritised and will be encouraged

This paper examines the moral, ecological, and developmental imperatives of trans-species coexistence in urban India in the context of the 2025 Supreme Court rulings on Delhi’s stray dogs. Using the “prudent predator” thesis of Lawrence Slobodkin, it argues that humanity’s ecological imprudence, manifested in unrestrained urban expansion and biodiversity loss, threatens both planetary resilience and human prosperity. Drawing on Arne Naess

E-commerce has made massive inroads in India’s retail sector: 220 million people are expected to shop online by 2025, and the industry is predicted to grow to INR 13,97,800 crore (US$200 billion) by 2027. Yet, about 90 percent of grocery retail trade in India are still driven by small-format traders and neighbourhood kirana (grocery) stores. The evolving retail scenario and changing consumer demands mean that these kirana stores must swiftly em

Rather than just raising trade barriers, countries should predict where Chinese subsidies will move next to compete there.

India’s demographic advantage presents a strategic window of opportunity to build a globally competitive and future-ready workforce. This demands that traditional education systems evolve to equip young learners with transferable and job-relevant competencies, commonly referred to as ‘21st-century skills’. Anchored in the context of India’s socio-economic and policy landscape, this paper outlines a strategic framework for integrating 21st

The United States (US) is the current world leader in the race to develop the most powerful advances and applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI), but China has steadily caught up in recent years. The launch in January 2025 of DeepSeek-R1, a powerful AI (reasoning) model developed and offered by a Chinese startup under open-source technology norms at a fraction of the current market costs, is being considered a milestone moment in this race.

Mitigating the adverse impact of Beijing’s crude ambition while simultaneously absorbing Chinese capital is a tough balancing act. Before making policy choices, India must rapidly improve its ability to monitor the full extent of economic exposure to China.

The hypothesis of “jobless growth” has been central to recent debates around India’s economic development trajectory. This brief undertakes an evaluation of secondary data to test whether India is indeed experiencing jobless growth. The authors find that the characterisation of “jobless growth” is both reductive and empirically unsound, and India’s employment landscape has experienced notable expansion alongside robust Gross Domestic

In the 1980s, a young India was being excited against older nation-states. In the 2020s, an ancient civilisation is leading the way in forging a new consensus

Most of the world failed to notice that the BLA conducted several attacks during the India-Pakistan tensions of May 2025. China, however, was paying close attention.

In April 2025, India and Thailand elevated their relationship to a ‘strategic partnership’ amid shifting geopolitical dynamics and the need to diversify risks. However, legacy perceptions continue to constrain the partnership’s full potential. This report highlights the deep complementarities and converging interests between the two economies and identifies five early-harvest sectors aligned with the top priorities for both sides—semicond

India and Thailand have long-standing civilisational ties shaped by centuries of cultural and commercial interaction. Despite the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1947, bilateral cooperation between them gained real momentum only after the Cold War, driven by shifting regional dynamics and deeper integration into multilateral forums. In recent years, mutual initiatives such as India’s “Act East” and Thailand’s “Act West” polic

Anulekha Nandi, Basu Chandola, Anirban Sarma, Eds., India’s AI Imperative Building National Competencies in a New World Order, January 2025, Observer Research Foundation.

India has a role to play in global climate diplomacy, with its large population, fast-growing economy, and vulnerabilities to the consequences of climate change. Utilising a review of existing literature, this brief evaluates the country’s involvement in international climate forums in the past decade, its negotiation strategies and policy coherence, and their effectiveness. It finds that India’s strategy for climate diplomacy has aimed for a

The SCO meet exemplified a nuanced balancing act between India and China — cooperation where feasible, vigilance where imperative

This paper projects the nationwide and state-wise size of India’s Unified Payments Interface (UPI) market under various GDP growth scenarios. The market sizes under these scenarios are expressed in monetary values at the scale of both sub-national units and the Indian economy as a whole. With the help of transactions and market share data from Phonepe, a UPI company, the paper estimates the national and state-wise base case scenario market volu

As Iraq heads to elections, voters face a choice: preserve the oil-dependent status quo, risk radical reforms, or embrace populist uncertainty.

Israel’s strike on Qatar has upended regional alignments, forcing neighbours and allies alike to reassess their choices.

Japan’s renewed engagement with Africa, underscored by the outcomes of the ninth Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD 9) in August 2025, reflects a recalibration of its Africa policy toward strategic partnerships and sustainable development. Framed by principles of human security and mutual prosperity, Japan emphasised high-quality infrastructure, resilient supply chains, and green transition initiatives, particularly in

The share of women’s cooperatives in India is just about 2.5 percent and more than half of those are dormant. Can 2025, the International Year of Cooperatives, provide the impetus for transformation?

India will have to manage its ties with the regime, balancing principles with pragmatism

India remains an essential anchor in the Indo-Pacific

This brief discusses the character of Nepal’s responses to recurring India-Pakistan conflicts, with a focus on the 2025 military escalation following the Pahalgam terrorist attack. Despite deep-rooted military, cultural, and economic ties with India—including the longstanding recruitment of Nepali Gurkhas into the Indian Army—Nepal’s response has remained anchored in strategic ambiguity, balancing condemnation of terrorism with a delibera