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Recapturing growth: What government should do
Sep 25, 2017

Recapturing growth: What government should do

Growth was bound to suffer because India depends significantly on private entrepreneurship and capital.

Reclaiming the storied legacy of Arabian Sea
Feb 13, 2024

Reclaiming the storied legacy of Arabian Sea

PM Modi and Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed are putting in place the building blocks for a prosperous Arabian Sea community

Recommendations for the Third BRICS Leaders' Meeting in China
Apr 02, 2011

Recommendations for the Third BRICS Leaders' Meeting in China

Sixty scholars from five BRICS countries, including India, participated in the BRICS Think Tanks Symposium in Beijing recently. It came up many recommendations to be proposed for the consideration of the Third BRICS Leaders Meeting to be held in China in April. A report:

Recommendations on Arms Procurement Reforms in India
Sep 25, 2012

Recommendations on Arms Procurement Reforms in India

The Observer Research Foundation's programme on Defence Procurement Reforms, following a seminar organised in May, 2012, has now moved to the second stage of identifying initiatives that can be taken in the executive and legislative branches. This Paper presents practical recommendations to improve capacities and decision-making methodologies in India's arms procurement system.

Reconciling with the Taliban: The Good, the Bad and the Difficult
May 23, 2023

Reconciling with the Taliban: The Good, the Bad and the Difficult

Efforts toward a peaceful reconciliation with the Taliban have failed and Afghanistan and the United States remain engaged in a bitter war against the insurgent group. The US has shown willingness and capability to go after Taliban leaders on Pakistani soil, upsetting its relations with Islamabad and ending Pakistan's game of plausible deniability. Under its new leader, Haibatullah Akhundzada, the Taliban continue their onslaught against the

Reconnecting Punjab: Shahbaz Sharif's mixed signals
Dec 16, 2013

Reconnecting Punjab: Shahbaz Sharif's mixed signals

Delhi is aware that the Pak army continues to wield a veto over cooperation with India and the room for manoeuvre is limited for the civilian leaders. Yet India must encourage the leaders of the Punjab to intensify their engagement. Delhi must also strive to improve coordination and consultation with the state leadership in Punjab.

Reconstructing the dialogue
Jul 26, 2010

Reconstructing the dialogue

The day after External Affairs Minister, S.M. Krishna, left for Islamabad front-page headlines in mainstream English language dailies had set their preferred theme: "Krishna to nail Pak using Headley: In Islamabad Foreign Minister says he will harp on Headley revelation of ISI links to 26/11".

Record of Indian arms industry remains one of failure
Apr 11, 2013

Record of Indian arms industry remains one of failure

The demand for cash that all political parties have to contest elections has been the fountainhead that has created a bureaucratic, military and defence decision-making structure which ensures that we keep running at the same place when it comes to creating a vibrant military industry complex in the country.

Recovering from the Hanoi setback
Mar 08, 2019

Recovering from the Hanoi setback

The mantra in Washington is that no deal is better than a bad deal. Realisation will soon dawn that the current situation only permits North Korea’s stockpile to grow as there is zero likelihood for Chinese and Russian support for further tightening of sanctions.

Red carpet for China's Xinjiang Governor
Oct 11, 2004

Red carpet for China's Xinjiang Governor

When the Indian establishment serenades Governor of China¿s Xinjiang province Ismail Tiliwaldi in the capital next week, it will revive deeply embedded memories from the past¿and hold a promise to a bold new future.

Red flag goes up on Dhaka
Dec 08, 2004

Red flag goes up on Dhaka

It would be folly to treat the threat issued to the Indian cricket team by a terrorist organisation based in Bangladesh as posing danger only to the players. The threat issued by Harkat ul-Jihad al-Islami (HuJI) poses a direct and serious danger to India because, despite denials by the Bangladesh Government, it is clearly an indication that terrorist groups affiliated to the Al Qaeda have made Bangladesh an operational base. The

Red flags in Dhaka’s embrace of Beijing
Apr 07, 2025

Red flags in Dhaka’s embrace of Beijing

New Delhi must now accelerate the transformative governance changes it has initiated in the North East

Red over green
Apr 04, 2025

Red over green

The US must balance its economic ambitions with environmental responsibility. With advancements in car­bon capture and renewable ener­gy, the scope of a balanced approach exists

Red Teaming After Operation Sindoor: From Tactical Wins to Strategic Security
Jun 26, 2025

Red Teaming After Operation Sindoor: From Tactical Wins to Strategic Security

Aggressive red teaming would help discover gaps and vulnerabilities before India’s adversaries do. Against this backdrop, these seven questions are critical for the post-Op Sindoor strategic environment

Redefining Horizons: ITLOS Advisory Opinion on Climate Obligations
Jan 27, 2025

Redefining Horizons: ITLOS Advisory Opinion on Climate Obligations

The 2024 advisory opinion issued by the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS), recognising GHG emissions as marine pollution, marks a pivotal intersection in maritime and climate governance. The opinion, while non-binding, establishes legal obligations for states to mitigate climate-induced marine impacts, including acidification, warming, and sea-level rise. It emphasises due diligence, transboundary impact assessments, and adher

Redefining India’s role in Afghanistan
Nov 27, 2021

Redefining India’s role in Afghanistan

he return of the Taliban had been in the making for a decade. Convinced that they have come to power through military means, the Taliban do not feel the need to form an inclusive government. Unlike other neighbouring countries, India had been hesitant in exploring engagement with the Taliban and ended up withdrawing from the country. However, it has legitimate interest in the stability of Afghanistan and enjoys goodwill among all communities.

Reducing Radiation: Navigating Nuclear Security
May 30, 2014

Reducing Radiation: Navigating Nuclear Security

While India has instituted pretty stringent measures, some of which are lacking in even other key nuclear players, India has done a bad job of advertising to the global community of what it has done. This has meant poor appreciation of India's efforts in the area of Nuclear Security.

REE क्षेत्राला उद्योजकांसाठी ‘स्ट्रॅटेजिक सेक्टर’ म्हणून मान्यता देण्याची गरज
Oct 07, 2023

REE क्षेत्राला उद्योजकांसाठी ‘स्ट्रॅटेजिक सेक्टर’ म्हणून मान्यता देण्याची गरज

REE क्षेत्राला उद्योजकांसाठी पायाची बनवायचे असेल तर धोरणात्मक हस्तक्षेपासह स्ट्रॅटेजिक सेक्टर म्हणून मान्यता देण्याची गरज आहे.

Reevaluating Bioweapons Amid Global Political Fragility
Jan 04, 2023

Reevaluating Bioweapons Amid Global Political Fragility

Unstable political systems, ineffectual international organisations, and unprecedented technological advancements have created a global environment that can enable the development and deployment of bioweapons. New-age bioweapons could be used for more than just as weapons of mass destruction. This necessitates a new approach to mitigate risks by staying apace with technological development. India must take a leadership position at the Biological

Reflections from Bangladesh
Jun 07, 2009

Reflections from Bangladesh

The government has been successful in maintaining harmony with the military and preventing it from reacting violently in the aftermath of Bangladesh Rifle's mutiny.

Reflections on the First Decade of ‘Startup India’
Jul 21, 2025

Reflections on the First Decade of ‘Startup India’

This brief examines the transformative impact of India's ‘Startup India’ initiative, launched in 2016, on the country’s entrepreneurial landscape. Driven by the presence of digital infrastructure and government support, India's startup ecosystem has seen exponential growth in the recent years. Today, the country has some 159,000 startups and a notable number of unicorns, positioning India in third place in the global startup ecosystem. Star

Reform to retain ‘emerging market economy’ tag
Sep 09, 2019

Reform to retain ‘emerging market economy’ tag

India aspires to be a developed country by 2047 which may or may not be possible. For the present, vigorous reforms will be needed.

Reforming defence planning in India
Apr 25, 2018

Reforming defence planning in India

The silo-driven, ad hoc approach has meant that issues like threat perception and force structure are not managed via a centralized and authoritative overview

Reforming India's Intelligence Structure
Feb 23, 2011

Reforming India's Intelligence Structure

More than a year ago, the Vice President of India, Mr. M. Hamid Ansari, pointed out in a speech the lack of good governance that plagued intelligence agencies in India, and a subsequent need for a parliamentary oversight committee to provide democratic accountability to these agencies.

Reforms at the WTO: Beyond Archaic Binaries
Jul 12, 2021

Reforms at the WTO: Beyond Archaic Binaries

For some years now, the trading system based on the World Trade Organization (WTO) has been showing signs of strain. The old binaries that informed the debates and decisions at the WTO are being challenged as the global economic landscape is changing. This brief discusses some of the most persistent issues around the WTO: among them, the ‘developing country’ status that countries self-declare; the dispute resolution system; and the understand

Reforms can't be outsourced to bureaucrats, says Jairam Ramesh
Oct 19, 2015

Reforms can't be outsourced to bureaucrats, says Jairam Ramesh

The responsibility for bringing in reforms and change cannot be outsourced to bureaucrats and technocrats as reforms, in essence, is a political enterprise, says former union minister and senior Congress leader Mr. Jairam Ramesh.

Reforms, Restructuring & Regulation: Three 'R's for India's Energy Security
Feb 14, 2006

Reforms, Restructuring & Regulation: Three 'R's for India's Energy Security

The report is based on the key recommendations that emerged out of the deliberations at National Conclave on India's Energy Security: Major Challenges held in New Delhi on 14-15 February 2006. The recommendations emerging out of the Conclave have been compiled in this Report for consideration by the Government

Reforms: Post Bihar, the days of waiting over for Modi Govt
Nov 16, 2015

Reforms: Post Bihar, the days of waiting over for Modi Govt

After the loss in Bihar, now it is incumbent on Modi and his team to start rolling out reform, iron out the wrinkles and implement his promises, otherwise, 2019 will be a distant dream. The days of waiting are over.

Reframing the Climate Debate
Jun 14, 2014

Reframing the Climate Debate

The Observer Research Foundation (ORF), India and the Stanley Foundation, USA co-hosted an international workshop on climate change on February 25-27, 2014 in New Delhi. The central objective of the workshop was to unbundle the different policy responses resulting from the multilateral negotiations thus far and their impact upon the evolution of existing and future multilateral frameworks. This Policy Brief aims to capture some of the salient per

Reframing the global Internet ecosystem
Aug 11, 2014

Reframing the global Internet ecosystem

As the conversations around internet governance become trapped in confrontational language, it is time to move the emphasis back to decision making that works for all

Regional integration
Aug 30, 2018

Regional integration

India will have to carefully navigate the emerging regional geopolitics in BIMSTEC

Regional Integration in Africa:A Study on the East African community
Nov 08, 2013

Regional Integration in Africa:A Study on the East African community

As economic growth continues to slump around the world, it has become imperative for developing nations such as India to seek to strengthen partnerships with African nations. There is a growing consensus that Africa is the last remaining capitalist playground. With an abundance of natural resources and the lack of an institutionalised capacity to harness them, Africa's statesmen have sought to move beyond their dependence on foreign (mainly West

Regional Integration in West Africa: The Evolution of ECOWAS
Dec 05, 2015

Regional Integration in West Africa: The Evolution of ECOWAS

The paradox of the African continent is that it is resource-rich but remains poor in many parts. Has regional integration improved economic performance and does it pave the way to a better future? This paper examines West African integration--its evolution, the successes it has scored and the challenges that remain.

Regional integration: Future prospects
Nov 02, 2016

Regional integration: Future prospects

The need for regional integration is now BIMSTEC countries to make up for the deficit created by a crippled SAARC in South Asia