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Nilanjan Ghosh

Dr Nilanjan Ghosh heads Development Studies at the Observer Research Foundation (ORF) and serves as the operational and executive head of ORF’s Kolkata Centre. He was the Director of ORF’s Centre for New Economic Diplomacy. With over two decades of experience across policy research, corporate, and academia, his career spans senior roles as Senior Fellow at ORF, Senior Vice President & Chief Economist at the Multi Commodity Exchange of India Limited, and faculty positions at the TERI School of Advanced Studies. Between 2015 and 2020, he played a formative role in shaping WWF India’s Ecological Economics’ analytical and policy orientations.

Nilanjan has held several high-level global and national roles that reflect his standing at the intersection of global economic governance, sustainability, and development finance. These include Member of the Global Future Council on the Future of Nature and Security at the World Economic Forum (2023–24); Co-Chair of Task Force 3 on International Financial Architecture under Think20 during Brazil’s G20 Presidency (2024); Member of the Board of Country Representatives of the European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists (2024–25); and Member of the Research Advisory Committee, WWF India (2023–25). He also served as President of the Indian Society for Ecological Economics (INSEE) (2022–24) and as Director of the Think20 India Secretariat during India’s G20 Presidency in 2023, where he helped steer policy deliberations on global economic and development challenges. In 2021, he was appointed to the Expert Committee constituted by the Supreme Court of India for valuing trees.

Nilanjan has taught at leading institutions in India (IIM Calcutta) and Europe (Linnaeus University) and has visited Stanford University (USA) and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (USA). Nilanjan has advised a range of international organisations, research councils, UN bodies, and global conservation and development institutions.

Widely recognised for his works in the domains of ecological economics and development finance, Nilanjan holds a PhD in Resource Economics from the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta. His work seeks to bridge rigorous economic analysis with real-world policy design, foregrounding interdisciplinary thinking, institutional reform, and pragmatic pathways for sustainable and inclusive development.

Nine Years After 9/11
Sep 18, 2010

Nine Years After 9/11

The top priority of any nation in the post-9/11 era is to defend its territorial integrity. This goal faces a real threat from terrorists originating or based in foreign countries, said Mr Andrew T. Simkin, the Consul-General of the US in Chennai.

Nirmala Sitharaman’s ASEAN summit visit is a step towards Manila
Oct 31, 2017

Nirmala Sitharaman’s ASEAN summit visit is a step towards Manila

As India and the ASEAN celebrate 25 years of their partnership, it is a politically opportune moment to upgrade India’s regional profile.

Nisha Holla

Nisha Holla is Visiting Fellow at ORF where she writes on ideas and shifts at the intersection of technology economics and policy. She tracks the impact of technology on democratising access to socio-economic development the importance of building strategic technology moats and policy frameworks required to drive indigenous technology development in India.

As Research Fellow at 3one4 Capital, Nisha has co-produced several first-of-its-kind reports such as India Employment Report 2024, Karnataka Jobs Report 2022-23, Karnataka: A $1 Trillion GDP Vision, Human Capital Development of India, India’s Response to COVID-19, Maharashtra 2025 — Road to USD One Trillion, Karnataka’s Response to COVID-19, Uttar Pradesh 2030 — An Accelerated Economic Vision, and the Bengaluru Innovation Report 2019.

Nisha has worked with the Department of Planning, GoK, to publish valuable collaborations between government and industry experts such as the Economic Survey of Karnataka 2021-22 and $1 Trillion Economy: Karnataka’s Vision.

Nisha has co-authored numerous articles on human capital development in India, comparative studies of Indian states’ economic and demographic growth, multiple facets of India’s technology readiness, and India’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Her writings have appeared in The Financial Express, The Indian Express, The Sunday Guardian, Moneycontrol, cnbc, Times of India, Mint, Deccan Herald, and YourStory.

As Technology Fellow at the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms (C-CAMP), Nisha explores policy and economic strategies in scientific and technological development.

At Biomoneta Research, Nisha worked on designing technology for the prevention of the spread of infectious diseases. Nisha was earlier based in the San Francisco Bay Area working at the cutting edge of hardware product and process development.

Nisha is co-inventor of a US patent designed to optimise semiconductor processing workflows.

A chemical engineer by training, Nisha holds a Master’s of Science degree from Carnegie Mellon University and a Bachelor’s of Engineering degree from RV College of Engineering.

Nitaqat Law: Will it solve Saudi Arabia's unemployment problems?
Jul 08, 2013

Nitaqat Law: Will it solve Saudi Arabia's unemployment problems?

Saudi Arabia's Nitaqat system has achieved some early success. It has been able to generate jobs for the Saudi population. But its long term success is open to question. It remains to be seen whether 'Saudization' will be successfully implemented long term through quotas and threats of punishment.

Niti Aayog’s 'Vision 2032' disappoints
Apr 25, 2017

Niti Aayog’s 'Vision 2032' disappoints

Three years ago, when the Planning Commission was transformed into Niti Aayog, expectations were high.

Nitya Mohan Khemka

Dr Nitya Mohan Khemka is Director at PATH- a global Health think-tank focussing on health equity. She is also Trustee of the Khemka Foundation, an Indian public charitable trust. Prior to PATH, she was the Head of the UK Liaison Office for the United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) where she was instrumental in establishing the organization’s presence in the United Kingdom. Nitya is also an Associate Fellow at Homerton College at the University of Cambridge where she researches topics spanning gender inequality, poverty and human development. A Fellow Commoner for Clare Hall College, Nitya advises the college on its academic programmes and fundraising strategy.

Nitya holds a PhD and MPhil in Development Studies from the Department of Land Economy at the University of Cambridge. She holds an MA in Economics and BSc in Mathematics, Economics and Statistics from Bangalore University. She serves on the Women’s Leadership Board of Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government, supporting the Women and Public Policy Program and on the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) UK Advisory Board. Dr Khemka has published on a wide range of topics in human development. Her most recent book is titled “Rethinking Philanthropy in the Global South: Public-Private Partnerships in a Post-COVID World” (Cambridge University Press, 2024). Her last books were Pathways to Equality: Advancing Gender Goals (Global Policy Journal, 2023) and Accelerating Global Health Equity in G20 Nations (ORF, 2023).