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The new solar system
Mar 28, 2006

The new solar system

The US National Security Strategy of March 2006 is an upgraded version of the 2002 version, which had come about after the September 11, 2001, attacks. The present one seems to be a slight rethink of its predecessor, but the essentials are the same. Introducing the new doctrine, President Bush had declared rather grimly, ¿America is at war.¿

The new world – shaped by self-interest
May 24, 2023

The new world – shaped by self-interest

Limited liability partnerships among nations will constitute the geometry of politics. This is a gritty, realist world. We may not like it, but it’s here to stay

The next chapter in Internet governance
Mar 07, 2017

The next chapter in Internet governance

Once cradled by global ideals, the multistakeholder community that manages the global commons of cyberspace must now be nurtured by local realities.

The next level in relationship
Dec 31, 2012

The next level in relationship

India and Russia already have mutual stakes in the hydrocarbon sector. The stage is set for this time-tested friendship to deliver results. They should now extend their integration beyond conventional strategic ties.

The Northeast Region’s Place in India’s Indo-Pacific Vision
Mar 07, 2025

The Northeast Region’s Place in India’s Indo-Pacific Vision

India’s northeast region (NER) features prominently in its Indo-Pacific vision and strategic calculations. The vast natural resources of NER and its geographical proximity to neighbouring countries in the Indo-Pacific region make it attractive for increased involvement of industry and the development of trade linkages. Socio-cultural affinities found across the borders of the region also carry potential for synergy in cooperation endeavours. Th

The NPT is beginning to look shaky
Sep 05, 2022

The NPT is beginning to look shaky

Sustaining it requires facing up to today’s political realities such as the growing rivalries in a multipolar nuclear world

The Nuclear Deal: India cannot be Coerced
Nov 09, 2005

The Nuclear Deal: India cannot be Coerced

Prime Minister Manmohan Singh concerned about the looming energy crisis, is determined to expand the contribution of civilian nuclear power to India¿s energy budget. For this it is necessary to remove the shackles imposed by the United States and its friends on international nuclear transactions.

The OIC and India: signals of a re-think
Feb 02, 2006

The OIC and India: signals of a re-think

On the eve of his recent visit to India, in an interview to an Indian newspaper, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz of Saudi Arabia remarked that "India should have an observer status in the Organisation of the Islamic Conference similar to that held by Russia." He added it would be "beneficial" if India's entry was proposed "by a nation like Pakistan."

The old but relevant script of the Cuban Missile crisis
Nov 01, 2022

The old but relevant script of the Cuban Missile crisis

With the risks for escalation and miscalculations growing in the Ukraine war, it is time to revisit the sobering lessons of 1962

The Only Way to Make Climate Progress
Jan 18, 2024

The Only Way to Make Climate Progress

Green technology and capital is concentrated in rich countries. Here’s how to address the north-south divide.

The ORF SDGs Young Influencers Programme 2.0: Report from Three Workshops
Oct 01, 2024

The ORF SDGs Young Influencers Programme 2.0: Report from Three Workshops

Shoba Suri, Nimisha Chadha and Oommen C Kurian, The ORF SDGs Young Influencers Programme 2.0: Report from Three Workshops, October 2024, Observer Research Foundation.

The outcome of India’s Kashmir bet could be profound
Dec 17, 2019

The outcome of India’s Kashmir bet could be profound

The altering of Kashmir’s special status poses risks, but it can also help consolidate our periphery

The Outer Space Treaty
Feb 24, 2021

The Outer Space Treaty

Overcoming Space Security Governance Challenges

The outliers who won the PM's post
Apr 16, 2014

The outliers who won the PM's post

If Narendra Modi becomes prime minister, he will join a select band of predecessors who can be called "outliers" - a scientific term used to describe phenomena which are outside the normal experience.

The outsourcing debate in the US elections
Aug 20, 2012

The outsourcing debate in the US elections

In the US presidential election, dominated by domestic issues and with little focus on foreign policy, outsourcing has emerged as a point of discussion. India is one of the top countries to which the US outsource work.

The overt Chinese message
May 26, 2020

The overt Chinese message

Aggression may be a warning to India to not join issue with US

The Pakistani army planning something against India
May 08, 2015

The Pakistani army planning something against India

It is not the first time that the Pakistan army has accused the R&AW of fomenting trouble in Pakistan. India should be cautious of what lies behind this seemingly sudden provocation. The Pakistan army prepares the ground for a major attack against India and its assets by raising the pitch of allegations to whip up public support at home. This has been the case in the past, including the Mumbai attacks of 2008.

The Pandemic at 24 Months: An Assessment
Aug 14, 2023

The Pandemic at 24 Months: An Assessment

Two years since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, an estimated 14-24 million people have died worldwide due to the coronavirus or the chaos of lockdowns and other impacts. To a great extent, much of this current state of the world is due to human health being profoundly misunderstood and neglected in international relations and national politics. This brief discusses two principles that can help understand why this pandemic is not at an

The Paradox of ‘Centralised Federalism’: An Analysis of the Challenges to India’s Federal Design
Sep 17, 2020

The Paradox of ‘Centralised Federalism’: An Analysis of the Challenges to India’s Federal Design

The Indian model of federalism may be one of the most interesting typologies in the world, characterised as it is by a paradox, to begin with: that of being a “centralised federalism.” This paper provides a temporal framework in the discourse on Indian federalism by outlining the history of the country’s federal structure in four different time periods, from the birth of the Indian republic to these contemporary times. It shows how the prev

The paradox that Obama confronts
Apr 29, 2014

The paradox that Obama confronts

The big paradox that the US confronts is the need to confront China and Russia at the same time. Clearly, even the mighty US does not have the energy and resources to do that. Beijing is, of course, quite self-confident because it is locked into the western economies and is, in that sense, sanctions proof.

The paranoia over Ford Foundation
Apr 28, 2015

The paranoia over Ford Foundation

There is an irony in the government's crackdown on Ford Foundation that seems to have escaped most observers. In the 1960s, the principal critics of the Foundation were the Indian Left. Now, the government and critics of foundations and NGOs fail to realise one thing. Now we are a self-confident, resilient society with institutions that have gained considerable depth. We are also a transparent and open society.

The Pashtun awakening
Mar 06, 2018

The Pashtun awakening

Many commentators feel that there is new awakening among the Pashtun. The Pashtun Long March and the ten-day sit-in outside the Islamabad Press Club was meant to kindle that awakening.

The Pathway to Affordable Housing in Urban India: A Case Study of Mumbai
Apr 25, 2023

The Pathway to Affordable Housing in Urban India: A Case Study of Mumbai

The affordable housing challenge plagues cities across India. Although city administrations have framed various strategies to tackle the issue, weak implementation, flawed policies, and an inherent lack of capacity to find longterm solutions have allowed slums to proliferate as an alternative. This paper examines the affordable housing issue in Greater Mumbai. Since affordability is not absolute but relative to the development stage and income di

The Perils of Tech-Utopian Thinking
Mar 17, 2023

The Perils of Tech-Utopian Thinking

This brief explores some of the deeper, and more troubling, effects of the pervasive spread of the logic of technology on social, cultural, and political life. The author critiques the predominant tech-utopian perspective, which frames ever further and faster technological development as critical to continuing social progress, using Neil Postman’s concept of the ‘technopoly’. The brief uses as an example the influence of the logic o

The Persisting Indo-China Border Challenge
Dec 15, 2025

The Persisting Indo-China Border Challenge

Beijing’s recent posture is signalling that a buoyed China sees no reason to divorce its strategic posture from its economic one

The Phantom of RIC Trilateral
Sep 16, 2025

The Phantom of RIC Trilateral

Even in its current non-institutionalised form, the Russia-India-China trilateral is giving India a diplomatic leverage.

The PIE Index 2020-21: Measuring the Health of Primary and Secondary Education Systems in India
Jul 15, 2022

The PIE Index 2020-21: Measuring the Health of Primary and Secondary Education Systems in India

Education in India is compulsory and free for primary and middle school, yet about 20 percent of children aged 6-14 remain absent. Analysts offer various explanations for India’s continued challenges in ensuring universal basic education, including lack of access to schools and poor educational environment. In this context, an index measuring the health of the early education system can be a valuable tool. This paper devises a Performance, Infr

The Policy and Operational Challenges in Formulating India’s New Foreign Trade Policy
Oct 07, 2021

The Policy and Operational Challenges in Formulating India’s New Foreign Trade Policy

In 2022, the Government of India is set to introduce the new Foreign Trade Policy (FTP) that will provide direction to the country's broader trade policy regime in the succeeding five years. This FTP will be more difficult to draft than the previous ones, for various reasons including the increased global pressure to address trade policy uncertainties, the need for alignment with the self-reliance mission, Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan, and the tenu

The population paradox in India
Jan 31, 2025

The population paradox in India

India is growing in some states, declining in others – but rapidly ageing all over.

The populists march on
Dec 19, 2019

The populists march on

The simple fact is that there are no easy answer for progressives, whether in Europe, Asia or America.

The power triangle in the India-Pacific region
Jul 09, 2012

The power triangle in the India-Pacific region

Strategists in New Delhi would have to factor in that a two front confrontation with Pakistan and China cannot be ruled out. US response in this case is an uncertainty. We need to remember that in the ultimate analysis, China is the resident power and the US is a distant power.

The pragmatic idealism of Nehru
Nov 20, 2014

The pragmatic idealism of Nehru

It is easy to criticise Nehru today. His priority then, as it remains that of our country today, is to take poor Indians out of poverty and protect the country's territorial integrity. Given the circumstances, he did not do a bad job, and he did it without murdering millions as was done in China, or overturning democracy, as was the case in many countries of the time.

The private sector can help address India’s urban flooding woes
Oct 27, 2025

The private sector can help address India’s urban flooding woes

Urban centres that power India’s economy are now routinely drowning under their own weight — victims of poor planning and climate complacency

The problem in Af-Pak is Pak
Dec 14, 2009

The problem in Af-Pak is Pak

The real American dilemma is to find allies in Islamabad who reduce and not multiply anti Americanism

The problem of Kachin
Jun 14, 2012

The problem of Kachin

The impact of the Kachin conflict should also be evaluated in terms of Myanmar?s ties with other nations, especially Japan ? a nation that is one of the principal aid providers and architects of Myanmar?s path to development.

The Process is Unwinding
Jul 12, 2005

The Process is Unwinding

It is time to conduct a reality check on the India-Pakistan peace process. In fact, there is a particular urgency for it. For, the peace process seems to have got hijacked by secessionist elements in Kashmir and Pakistan who never had any stakes in it.

The promise and perils of Artificial Intelligence partnerships
Jun 23, 2021

The promise and perils of Artificial Intelligence partnerships

AI can be a force for good. It has emerged as one technology of particular importance because of its role as an accelerator, its versatility, and its wide applicability. But challenges include standards-setting, supply chain resilience, talent retention, and data policy

The push and pull in the India–Australia partnership
Feb 01, 2020

The push and pull in the India–Australia partnership

One of the problems with the India–Australia relationship is that both countries have a different set of concerns about China.

The pushback against China
Apr 24, 2021

The pushback against China

Now, the European Union has released its own Indo-Pacific strategy too

The Quad Conducts Malabar Naval Exercise
Aug 27, 2021

The Quad Conducts Malabar Naval Exercise

Australia is back for the second year in a row, underscoring the Quad’s deepening commitment to cooperation in the Indo-Pacific.